조선시대 왕후들의 언간 서체 특징 연구

Abstract

After the Invention of Hangul, the women at Royal Court uncommonly used the Hangul with high tone and activity. Until now there are materials that the queens left the writs of appointment, novel copies, didactic books, diaries, and letters written in Hangul. They are the precious materials that we can glance at the private lives of queens especially from their Hangul letters. During the regency by queen mother from behind the veil, the queen had given the writs in Hangul to the Royal Court. I think it was the first case that Hangul was used in the official document. There are the 289 pieces of remains of Hangul written by 10 queens; Queen Inmok, Queen Jangryeol, Queen Inseon, Queen Myeongsung, Queen Inhyeon, Queen Jeongsun, Princess Hong (Hyekyeongkung Hongssi), Queen Sunwon, another Queen Myeongsung, and Queen Sunmyeong. In this treatise, I tried to clarify the statistical situation and the characteristics that their calligraphic style had through the letters of 10 queens. I could see that most of them were written in the court style of Hangul calligraphy and expressed well the characteristics of half-cursive style, cursive style and true cursive style. Their letters had aesthetic elements of elegance and gracefulness and showed the high dignity of calligraphy. I thought those points played a role in occupying the important position in the history of Hangul calligraphy. Moreover we can see that in writing characters, the calligraphic style of letters well exposed the general strength & weakness like as in the cursive grass style of Chinese calligraphy through the fatness & slimness of the stroke, or the dryness & richness of Chinese ink, or the bigness & smallness of characters. I could make certain that queens took the lead the change of court style in Hangul calligraphy because they led the culture of Royal Court as the highest class women. In particular, the characteristic of half-cursive style appeared in the handwritings by Queen Inmok, Queen Jangryeol and Queen Inseon. I could find the distinguished change of cursive style in the writings by Queen Myeongsung, Queen Inhyeon, Queen Jeongsun and Princess Hong. The true cursive style which was the finest example of court style of Hangul calligraphy started to show up in the writings by Queen Jeongsun and Princess Hong, and the model of the true cursive style settled down from the writings by Queen Sunwon. The change of the court style appeared in the Hangul letters of queens at the earliest time. They could accept the change and could lead the change because of their highest position. And they showed the change of court style in their letters every change. Consequently we could see queens led the changes and we could find the various calligraphic styles in their letters.