율곡의 孝 사상과 평생을 통해 실천한 인성 교육적 인간상

Abstract

Yulgok(1536-1584) was born in December 26 (Jungjong’s 31st reign year) at Ojukheon(national Treasure #165), Jukheon-dong, Gangreung-si, Gangwon Province during the Joseon dynasty. Although he was a genius with intelligence as a young boy, but the most important nature was born with excellent moralistic and humanistic nature with filial piety. While he was a kid, he was called with his name Yi Hyeonryong since his mother Sin Saimdang had a birth dream of dragon. In 1540, when he was 5 years old, his mother was seriously sick and there seemed like no cure. Family tried to find him but they could not find him anywhere. Finally, when family found him, he was praying at the shrine of grandfather for his mother to overcome the sickness. Nobody tell him, but he did it from his decision and filial piety made people deeply moved and called him a men of filial piety of the region. At nine, he read “Diagram of the Two Moral Behaviors” he was touched with the story of Jang Gongye’s story of living with 9 generations. As a result he decided to live with his parents and brothers together by painting diagram of living with all family members. At eleven, his father got seriously sick, he went the grandfather’s shrine and asked for his father’s recovery giving up his life as an exchange. In his father’s dream, a diety came and told him that you have a great son and he will be a excellent neo-Confucian scholar. Diety told his father Yi Won-su to change his son’s name to Yi I. After change the name, his father got over the sickness. At thirteen, he passed the first level civil exam with top score, but his mother suddenly died. He payed respect for his mother with 3 years of morning based on Confucian ethical code. After that when he was 19, he went to Geumgang mountain and study Buddhism to overcome his sorrow and return home and study Confucianism again. Whe he came back he took care of his grandmother of mother-side who did not have son. At 41, he moved to Haeju, Hwanghae Province and built Cheonggyedang to live with family of 100. The community was set up for proper family and education concepts based on the filial piety. This aimed to enlighten people rather than taking care of his own family. At 42, he wrote “Gyeokmongyogyeol” to emphasize the filial piety for the education of youths. At 47, he established a Model School by the King’s order. It was also emphasized the filial piety and valued the views on education of the teachers. He was a top level educator and thinkers for all people emphasizing kids, youths, school, social and parental educations as well as education for the rulers. He also emphasized the value of patriotism to establish sound thoughts of state and security. As a researcher, contemporary education faces the crisis and personality education becomes the important issue. Yulgok already realized this problem. This is why comtemporary education adopt his thought as a national task. It is the cornerstone of the development of the nation.