한국어 청자대우법 교육의 문제점 ­ 전통적인 오해의 극복을 위하여

Abstract

In this article I presented some new opinions about the hearer-honorific system in Korean. 1. The contrastive structure of hearer-honorific system (1) The standard which divides four speech level of formal style is not ‘the relation between speaker and hearer’ but ‘the intention of speaker’, and accordingly hearer-honorific system is composed of [+honorific](hasipsio level, hao level, hake level):[-honorific](hɛra level)’. And the standard which divides [+honorific](hasipsio level, hao level, hake level) is the degree of respect. (2) The sentence final forms of hao level and hake level present ‘the respect to hearer who is equal or lower in compraison with speaker’. (3) The sentence final forms of hɛra level can be used in article(composition) which is neutral or unmarked in the phase of hearer-honorific system, and there are not a morpheme which presents the attitude of degrading in sentence final forms of hɛra level. Accordingly hɛra level is not the level of degrading but the level of [-honorific]. 2. The pragmatical character of hake level’s final forms (1) ‘-ne, -kumən, -na, ɨnka, -ɨlkʔa’ those are regarded as hake level are the final forms of hɛra level or hɛ level. (2) The reason which ‘-ne, -kumən, -na, ɨnka, -ɨlkʔa’ those are hɛra level or hɛ level’s sentence final forms can be used in the situation of another level and article(composition) which is neutral or unmarked in the phase of hearer-honorific system is the fact that those can compose soliloquy. If soliloquy is used in conversation, speaker talks to himself and hearer overhears. (3) The reason which ‘-ne, -kumən, -na, ɨnka, -ɨlkʔa’ are used in the situation of hake level is the fact that sentence final forms native to hake level’s are few.