일제강점기 유학적 지식인들의 사회주의수용 양상과 민족운동

Abstract

This study surveyed Confucian scholars' acceptance of socialism based on material for Korean modern history and the Anti-Japanese Movement (Socialist Movement) out of the material committed to the Korean Studies Advancement Center by Omi-dong, Pungsan, Andong City, Gyeongbuk Province. Andong was the area which absorbed socialist movement faster than any other region, and which turned out main activists for the early socialist movement in Korea. At the center of the new socialism-based independence movement in Andong, there were Confucian scholars who were educated in Confucian values. Eungseop Kim and Jaebong Kim were the two principal figures who led the movement. They accepted socialism based on traditional values of Confucianism. Those who accepted socialism in the area of Andong culture were figures who themselves witnessed and joined in the nationalistic liberation movement while living in the hard times of the late period of Joseon and Japanese Occupation. They demonstrated attitudes and ideas strongly affected by Confucian principles. When accepting socialism, they criticized problems of nationalism and Confucian thinking styles, but they were not completely free from those past ideas. In other words, they negated what they were in terms of ideology and tried to be reborn new. However, they could not completely separate themselves internally from their deep rooted, past ideas. This is said to have been similar to the situation which the new-rising noblemen faced at the end of the Goryeo Dynasty and at the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty. Jaebong Kim, as responsible secretary of the First Joseon Communist Party, was the leader of the early domestic socialist movement. Eungseop Kim led the socialist movement in the area of Manju. These two figures had in common the fat that they were Confucian intellectuals from noble families that were good enough to dominate the public opinions in the area. Though they were not so economically affluent, they were powerful to a degree. They had connection with the headquarters in Seoul, and sometimes they operated hand in hand with those in Seoul. They played roles as theorists and activists. Based on traditional Confucian learning, they contacted new studies through which they were indulged in reading socialist ideas, and established themselves as socialist intellectuals. Instead of international socialists, they were nationalistic socialists mainly focusing on the purpose of solving nationalistic problems. In a word, they were nationalists with a socialist tinge. They placed more values on nationalistic liberation than on class liberation. Therefore, they devoted their lives to nationalistic liberation, and they are said to have joined in the anti-Japanese movements.