유교문화, 경제적 요인이 일제하 초기공산주의 운동에 미친 영향

Abstract

Generally speaking, the analysis on political activists’ motivation and ideology and nature of their political lines help to evaluate the identity and performance of their movement. In this respect, the study of socioeconomic background of those who have participated in Chosun Communist movement under Japanese colonial rule since 1920s is very important in understanding the nature of Chosun Communist movement. Analysis on the motivation of participants in Communist movement and the reason for political turncoats swtiching ideologies seems to prove that traditional Confucian culture and values have had positive effect on supeficial proliferation of early Communist movement. In that active participants in early Communist movement are largely motivated by personal or collective association, namely, customary bloody ties, territorial relationship, educational background, etc. and political turncoats are heavily influenced by family affection(filial duty to parents, support for family, and family ties, etc.), the combination of traditional Confucian culture, ethic, and values seems to have been involved in the formation of Chosun Communist party and to have acted as important agent in the process of superficial organizational proliferation and dissolution. In other words, private association, organizational ties, and traditional Confucian culture and values that attach importance ro love towards parents and responsibility for supporting family seem to have contributed to apparent organizational proliferation and the strengthening of structural ties during the early Communist movement. These Confucian culture and values, however, weakened willingness to struggle against Communism in the process of changing ideologies and accelerated conversion to pro-Japanese, and early Communism had to have factional tendency because it was based on organizational characters which were personal relationships such as bloody ties and territorial relationship. On the other hand, in that in the process of corrosion of Confucian values and culture influenced by devastation of colonial economy since 1920s, women’s organizations advocating female equality, supporting anti-Confucianism, have done their activity more seriously and their activity eventually have turned into independence movement against Japanese colonial rule based on national awareness, it could be evaluated that Confucian values and culture, while being destroyed, produced new ideology against Japan. In conclusion, in that in the process of early Communist movement, traditional Confucian culture and values functioned as important media for strengthening ties between members and apparently proliferating organizations, in the process of their collapse since 1920s have produced women's liberation movement, the starting point of women’s independence movement against Japanese colonial rule, and the traditional values and culture were misused by the Japanese Government General of Chosun in the process of conversion of Chosun Communist activists, traditional Confucian culture and values should be evaluated as a crucial factor with which national charactrics had an effect on struggle against Japanese colonial rule.