세종조 『대학』은 어떻게 이해 되었는가

Abstract

The founding of Chosun Dynasty in 1392 meant the switchover of times in our history. As joining with the shift of the East Asian situation and trying out new political changes, the Chosun Dynasty adopt Confucianism as the politic ideology in seeking to stabilization and development of the society. Confucianism had been adopted already in the Corea Dynasty and as well as its basic understanding on the confucian canon(儒敎經典) and the law and manner for a national structure were imitated the Chinese system. The Chosun Dynasty have developed the epochal conversion based on the step-further new research, the cultural heritage of Corean confucianism and the political judgement of the new national system. The Confucian basic political guideline is the manner reign which confucian scriptures emblematized. The representing scripture is the book of Rites (Li ji 禮記). The Book of Rites is collection of 49 texts composed of manner reign of literatures in Xia–Yin-Zhou(夏⋅殷⋅周) dynasties by Dai De(戴德) and Dai Sheng(戴聖) in the early Han(漢)Dynasty. While the most of Li ji described the format and composition of rites and ceremony, among them, the Great Learning (Daxue大學) and the Doctirne of the Mean(Zhongyong中庸) emphasized that the ethical virtue is the main political philosophy to be aimed. Entering in Song Dynasty, Daxue and Zhongyong were rasied as the confucian canon with the Analects of Confucius (Lun Yu 論語) and The works of Mencius (Meng Zi 孟子), which contain the ancient Chinese political philosophy. In the change of dynasty from Corea to Chosun, the political ideology system had shifted from Buddhism to Confucianism. On that moment, it was natural for Daxue to get attention from the political authority. Especially during the King Sejong era, it was found in the chronicles that they strived to train the leaders whom aimed in Daxue. Indeed, the virtues what they follow make it possible to judge the level of confusianism in the early Chosun dynasty`s political ideology. Daxue and 大學衍義 have been read often in the royal seminar and reminded the political autority its meaning. Such interests on Daxue of Chosun politicians resulted in a big shift of the real political scene. As the new ruling class composition and economical structure were developed, it contributed to the King Sejong`s succession of the throne and Hangeul(訓民正音) invention.