李濟馬의 慧覺과 資業에 대한 연구

Abstract

Human beings have developed thoughts on the relationship between heaven and man and accumulated medical knowledge based on their interaction with nature. Lee Jema (李濟馬), also known as Dongmu(東武), explained the practical operation of these thoughts and the medical knowledge obtained in this way in terms of HeaGag(慧覺) and JaEop (資業), and he hoped that all people would be free from mental and physical illnesses and live a healthy life suitable to their own character and constitution. It is said that the virtues of HeaGag(慧覺) and JaEop(資業) are the highest good that he pursues. His SaSang medicine(四象醫學), or four-constitution medicine, was accepted as a practical medicine not merely to treat illness but also to heal the mind, to build virtue, and to practice the doctrine in those days. In addition to, he applied the meaning of SeongJeong(性情) in Seongrihak(性理學) to the human body in his own way. Seong (性) in his SaSang medicine is a state of nature before being influenced by external objects, but Jeong(情) is a reaction that nature shows after being influenced by external objects. It is also emphasized that while Seong(性) should be nurtured by correcting mind, Myung (命) should be enforced by training body, to achieve HeaGag(慧覺) and JaEop(資業). He discussed Seong (性) and Jeong (情), the main idea of Lee's philosophy, in terms of Cheyong(體用). So, he considered that if it is applied to the human body, Seong (性) can be found in the ears, eyes, nose, and mouth(耳目鼻口) and Jeong(情) can be found in the lung, spleen, liver, and kidney(肺脾肝腎). He also considered human's SeongJeong(性情) as coming from a change of Happiness, Anger, Sadness, and Fun(喜怒哀樂), distinguished the characteristics of SeongGi(性氣) and JengGi(情氣) in connection with Ki(氣), and discussed HeaGag(慧覺) and JaEop(資業) according to the natural constitution of SaSangIn(四象人). In this paper, the Highest wisdom of HeaGag(絶世慧覺) and the Best wisdom of JaEop(大人資業) through the cultivation of SaSangIn(四象人) are examined based on the theory of SeongJeng(性情) in Lee Jema, and the method of physical and mental discipline for a healthy and long life is discussed.