국립공원 탐방객의 방문동기와 회복환경지각척도 비교 연구 - 국립공원 문화서비스 건강·치유 평가를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of national park visitors and the perception of health effects according to their motivation to visit as part of the evaluation of health and healing based on cultural services provided by national park’s nature. An online survey was conducted on a total of 914 visitors, who had visited national parks for 1 month from November 19 to December 18, 2019. The main contents surveyed include general details of visitors, characteristics of visit (stay time, major participation activities), motivation to visit national parks, and perception of Perceived Restoration Scale (PRS). Technical statistics analysis,reliability analysis, factor analysis and independent sample t-test, etc. were conducted using the SPSS 26.0 program. The motivation for visitors to visit national parks were divided into three factors: ‘Natural Exploration and Self-Exploration’, ‘Nature Friendly and Health Enhancement’, and ‘Breakaway from Daily Life’. The importance of each factor was 3.596 points for ‘Nature Friendly and Health Enhancement’, 3.445 points for ‘Breakaway from Daily Life’ and 2.809 points for ‘Natural Exploration and Self-Exploration’. According to the analysis of PRS factors of national park visitors, which were divided into ‘Fascination’, ‘Coherence’, ‘Being Away’, ‘Compatibility’ and ‘Legibility’, the average value of PRS factors was high in the order of Being Away (M=5.205), Fascination (M=4.868), Coherence (M=4.567), Compatibility (M=4.471) and Legibility (M=4.383), and the overall average value of PRS was 4.729. The average value of PRS was higher in the case of visiting national parks more than 13 times a year than visiting 4-12 times a year and visiting less than 3 times a year in sequence. In addition, it has been verified that PRS is perceived to be higher when the stay time lasts more than 6 hours than it lasts less than 2 hours. This result shows that the longer national park visitors are exposed to nature, that is, the more frequently visitors visit the national park and the longer they stay, it’s more likely to have a postive effect on their PRS in terms of the health promotion and psychological healing effects of the ecosystem services provided by national park’s nature. This study analyzed the characteristics of perception of ‘PRS’ as the health and healing effects according to visitors’ motivation to visit among the evaluation of ecosystem services provided by the nature of the national park. The result is meaningful in that it objectively identified the effects of nature-based exploration activities on visitors’ PRS in national parks and presented basic data for preparing exploration policies for efficient park management and enhanced ecosystem service in the future.