인지적 부하가 자연이 주는 회복 효과에 미치는 영향
The Influence of Cognitive Load on Restorative Effect of Nature
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본 연구는 인지적 부하가 자연이 주는 회복 효과에 미치는 영향을 생리적ㆍ인지적 효과로 규명하고자하였다. 실험은 자연에 노출된 대조군 18명과 자연에 노출된 상태에서 인지 과제를 수행한 실험군 18명으로 구분하여 진행되었다. 측정도구로 스트레스와 관련된 심박변이도, 심박수와 주의력을 테스트하기 위한 FlankerTask를 사용하였다. 실험 결과, 대조군은 부교감신경 활성도가 증가하였고 심박수는 감소하였으며 주의력이 증가하였지만, 실험군은 부교감신경 활성도가 감소하였고 주의력은 회복되지 않았다. 실험군이 주의력이 회복되지 않은 이유를 분석하기 위해 피로도를 매개변수로 한 매개분석을 실시한 결과, 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타나인지과제 수행으로 인한 피로가 주의력에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. 부가적으로 자연연관성이라는 개인적 특성이 실험 결과에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대조군은 자연연관성이 높은 사람일수록 자연에 대한 집중도가 높았고, 실험군은 자연연관성이 낮은 사람일수록 자율신경계 전체 활성도가 더욱 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the influence of cognitive load on restorative effect of nature. Restorative effects of nature are stress reduction and attention restoration. We assessed 18 participants(control group)exposed to nature and 18 participants(experimental group) exposed to nature performing cognitive task. Wemeasured Heart Rate Variability, Heart Rate and Flanker Task. As a result, HF increased, HR decreased and attentionability was recovered in control group. But in experimental group, HF decreased and attention ability was notrecovered. To analyze the reason that attention was not recovered, we did mediational analysis. The conclusion wasthat attention ability was influenced by fatigue due to cognitive task performance. Additionally, the higher level ofnature relatedness was, the higher concentration on nature was. And the lower level of nature relatedness was, themore TP decreased.
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