산림 걷기 운동이 여성 노인의 등속성 근력, 근지구력, 그리고 골밀도에 미치는 영향
Effects of Forest - Walking Exercise on Isokinetic Muscular Strength, Muscular Endurance, and Bone Mineral Density in the Elderly Women
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초록
본 연구는 산림 걷기 운동이 여성 고령자의 등속성 근력, 근지구력, 그리고 골밀도에 미치는 효과를 조사하는 것이 목적이다. 연구 대상자는 2개 집단으로 나누어 12주간 산림 걷기 운동(n=15, 71.37±3.32세)과 실내 트레드밀 걷기 운동(n=14, 70.21±4.69세)을 실시하였다. 모든 대상자들은 12주간의 운동전·후에 걸쳐 등속성 무릎관절 근력과 근지구력, 그리고 요추와 대퇴의 골밀도 검사를 하였다. 자료처리는 평균과 표준편차를구한 후 반복 이원변량분석을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 산림 걷기 운동이 실내 트레드밀 걷기 운동보다무릎관절 근력과 근지구력, 그리고 요추와 대퇴 전자부의 골밀도에 더 효과가 있었다. 그러나 두 가지 운동방법모두 대퇴 경부의 골밀도에는 유의한 향상을 보이지 못했다. 따라서 본 연구는 중력 작용과 자연환경을 고려한산림 걷기 운동이 여성 고령자의 근력과 지구력, 그리고 골밀도를 효율적으로 향상시키고, 나아가서 질적인 삶을 증진시키는 효과적인 운동방법이라고 제안한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Forest-Walking exercise on the muscular strength and endurance, and bone mineral density(BMD) in the elderly women. There were 2 groups: Forest-walking exercise(FWE) group(n = 15, 71.37 ± 3.32 yrs) and treadmill-walking exercise(TWE) group(n = 14, 70.21 ± 4.69 yrs). The subjects were asked to participate in FWE program or TWE program(3 times/week, 80min/day) for 12 weeks. The subjects were tested on isokinetic muscular strength, endurance, and BMD at the beginning and the end of the 12-weeks program. For data analysis, mean and standard deviation scores were calculated, and independent t-test and repeated two-way ANOVA were used. After 12-weeks training program, the results of this study were as follow: First, after 12 weeks exercise, FWE group was better than TWE group on isokinetic muscular strength and endurance of knee joint, and BMD of lumbar spine and femur trochanter. Second, however both group did not show any improvement on BMD of femur neck. Therefore, this study may suggest that forest-walking exercise with gravity-worked and nature environment improves efficiently on muscular strength and endurance, and BMD in the elderly, and further becomes an effective exercise method that improves quality of life.
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