近代日本の「国語」と大槻文彦の言語観

Abstract

Otsuki Humihiko played the most important role in dictionary publications and grammar research in Japan. In addition, Otsuki Humihiko played a pivot of role to make standard language norms of “current language use” for establishing “national language” in modern Japan. A Theory of Japanese Grammar written in the 8th year of Meiji, he recognized a concept of “current language use”. And based on the concept, he conducted grammar research and dictionary publications. ‘Current language use’ is a linguistic view based on Western language studies and the view is same as the concept of “actual language use” which was central to “national language” establishment in modern Japan. Based on this linguistic viewpoint, Otsuki insisted “Kanadukai” in terms of letter improvement and led to the Kana letter movement in the 1880s. And, in the same context, the first standard language norms of Japan, “Kogo-ho” and “Kougo-ho beki”, were published. In modern countries, “national language” is a system, in which policies play a key role, extremely. Therefore, the linguistic viewpoint of the person who makes this system is important.