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기업 소유구조가 연구개발(R&D)투자에 미치는 영향

The impact of corporate ownership structure on R&D investment in Korea

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 기업의 소유 구조가 기업의 연구개발(R&D)투자에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 기존의 많은 선행 연구들은 대리인 관점을 바탕으로 경영자의 지분율이 기업의 연구개발 투자에 미치는 영향에 대한 논의를 전개하였으나 경영자의 특성에 대한 고려가 부족하였다. 이에 본 연구는 경영자의 특성을 고려하여 전문경영자와 소유경영자를 분리하여 각 경영자의 특성에 따른 차이가 어떻게 나타나는지를 살펴보고 있다. 또한 경영자 외에도 기업의 의사 결정에 영향을 미치는 기업 소유자의 가족, 관계회사 지분율 등 내부자 지분율이 미치는 영향도 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 2002년에서 2009년까지 유가증권 시장에 상장된 12월 결산 제조기업을 대상으로 고정효과 패널분석을 통해 검증해 본 결과 전문경영자가 경영하는 기업은 소유경영자가 경영하는 기업에 비하여 연구개발투자 집중도가 유의하게 낮게 나타났으며, 소유경영자 및 기업 소유자 가족, 관계회사 등 내부자 전체 지분율과 기업의 연구개발투자 집중도는 역-U자형의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of corporate ownership structure on R&D investment. Unlike earlier studies, this study focuses on the differential effects of types of managers -- professional managers and owner managers -- and insider ownership. The hypotheses were tested by tracking a sample of 2805 listed companies in the manufacturing sector of Korea. The statistical result shows that the presence of professional CEOs without the presence of owner managers is negatively related to R&D investment. Moreover, insider ownership that combines equity stakes of owner managers, their family members, and affiliate companies has quadratic relations with R&D investment. Implications for theory, research, and practice are suggested in the conclusion.

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