기업 간 거래에서 협력사의 공정성 지각이 파트너에 대한 관계몰입과 관계성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Perceived Justice between the Firms on the Relational Commitment and Relationship Performance of the Partner of Transaction
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초록
본 연구는 공정성 이론과 관계몰입 관점에서, 공급자-구매자 형태의 수직적 거래관계에 있는 기업 간에 지각된 공정성이 거래 파트너에 대한 관계몰입과 관계성과에 대해 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기존 연구의 이론적 배경을 바탕으로, 먼저 공정성의 개념을 분배적 측면과 절차적 측면으로 구분하고 각 공정성 요인이 관계몰입에 미치는 영향의 정도를 파악하였는데, 이 관계몰입에 대한 요인을 다시 정서적, 계산적, 그리고 도덕적 몰입으로 구분하여 분배 및 절차 공정성이 각 몰입 요인들에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 또한, 이 세 가지의 몰입 요인들이 기업 간 거래관계에서 지각하는 관계성과에 미치는 영향도 함께 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 기업 간 거래의 분배공정성과 절차공정성은 거래 당사자의 정서적 몰입, 계산적 몰입, 그리고 도덕적 몰입에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 영향의 정도에 있어서는 분배공정성은 계산적 몰입에 절차공정성은 정서적 몰입과 도덕적 몰입에 각각 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 다르게 나타났다. 한편, 계산적 몰입을 제외한 정서적 몰입과 도덕적 몰입이 거래관계의 성과 인식에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 기업은 기업 간의 거래에서 거래 파트너가 관계성과에 대해 긍정적인 인식을 갖도록 하기 위해 단순한 결과에 대한 분배적인 공평성 보다 활발한 의사소통, 정책과 의사결정 절차의 일관성 등과 같은 절차공정성 요인들에 대해 더욱 세심한 관리를 해야 하고, 이득과 손실에 대한 인식으로부터 생기는 계산적 몰입 보다 감성적인 측면의 정서적 몰입과 규범적인 측면의 도덕적 몰입의 중요성을 인식해야 한다는 점을 시사한다.
Abstract
From the point of view of the justice theory and the relational commitment, the current study analyzes the effect of justice perceived between the firms in the vertical relationship of transaction of the type of supplier-buyer on relational commitment and relationship performance. On the basis of the theoretical background of the existing research, first, we classify the concept of justice as distributive justice and procedural justice and examine the effect of each justice factor on the relational commitments, which are divided into the affective, calculative, and moral commitment. We also analyze the effect of these relational commitments on the relationship performance perceived in the relation of transaction of the firms. As a result of analysis, most of the proposed hypotheses are supported but the effect of the calculative commitment on the relationship performance are not supported due to the statistical insignificance. First, both justices are significant statistically on all of the commitments but the degree of each effects of two justices on three commitments are different. The distributive justice is more significant on the calculative commitment than the affective and moral commitments and the procedural justice is more significant on the affective and moral commitments than the calculative commitment. Next, except for the calculative commitment the affective and moral commitments have positive effects on the relationship performance. Accordingly, this study suggest that the firm in the transaction with his partner firm has to manage the affective and moral commitments carefully based on the justice of transaction.
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