특허분쟁 경험이 기업의 특허활용전략에 미치는 영향
The Impact of Patent Infringement Litigation on the Strategic Use of Patents
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이 논문은 특허 침해 피소 경험이 특허에 대한 투자와 그 지적자산의 전략적인 활용에 미치는 영향을 한국의 하이테크 기업들의 특허분쟁과 연구개발 투자를 통해 분석하고 있다. 지적재산권과 관련된 분쟁은 단기적으로 기업운영에 상당한 비용을 전가할 수 있으나 일단 피소분쟁을 겪고 생존한 기업의 경우에는 그러한 분쟁경험이 지적재산권 관리 및 활용에 대한 주의를 환기시키고 관련자산과 지식을 획득하여 향후 지재권의 전략적 활용을 촉진시키는 각성제의 역할을 할 수 있다. 침해 피소 경험이 있는 기업은 이후 여타 경쟁 기업에 특허침해 소송을 제기할 확률이 60% 증가하며, 피소 당시에 맞소송을 시도한 기업의 경우 맞소송의 성공 여부에 상관없이 향후 타 기업에 소송을 제기할 확률이 72% 증가한다. 또한 피소를 당한 기업은 이전에 비해 피소 이후 매출 대비 연구개발에 대한 투자를 급격하게 증가시킨다. 본 연구는 특허권에 대한 제도가 상대적으로 미비한 국가의 기업이 지재권 관리가 잘 정비된 경쟁기업과의 법적 분쟁을 통해 지재권 활용의 효력과 중요성에 대해 인식하고 진화하는 하나의 메커니즘으로서 특허분쟁을 연구하였다는데 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
This paper studies the impact of patent infringement litigation on the strategic use of patents in the context of tech-oriented industries in Korea. While it may include significant costs to deal with the litigation at the first place, the sued experience can vaccinate a defendant firm in a way that it further invests in patent management and strategically uses the intellectual property rights against competitors. Using 327 Korean firms in the pharmaceutical sector and the semiconductor and telecommunication sector, the empirical study finds that firms that have been sued for patent infringement lawsuits are more likely to sue their competitors for patent infringement as well as to significantly increase R&D inputs compared to those not being sued. Specifically, the experience of being litigated increases the propensity of sueing others by 60% and the effect becomes stronger when the litigated firm attempted to countersue the plaintiff of initially involved lawsuit. The findings suggest that firms learn how to manage and exploit their intellectual property rights dealing with the unexpected patent litigation experiences.
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