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소셜 벤처 성장 이론: 혼합성의 다이내믹스 고찰

The Theory of the Growth of the Social Venture: A Dynamic Hybridity View

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 사회혁신을 위한 핵심주체인 소셜 벤처가 어떤 과정으로 구성되고, 기업으로써 성장하는 과정에서 어떤 조직적 전략적 변화가 나타날 수 있는지 그 일련의 과정을 체계적으로 이해하는데 목적이 있다. 특히, 소셜 벤처를 혼합성의 개념을 바탕으로 기존의 사회적 기업과 구분할 수 있는 특징을 파악하고 이러한 특징을 말미암아 나타날 수 있는 다양한 행태적 결과들을 다양한 이론적 해석을 제공한다. 혼합성은 복수의 목적을 추구하는 조직에 있어서 공통적으로 나타나는 조직구성적 특성으로 소셜 벤처의 경우에는 경제적 가치와 사회적 가치가 조직 내에 통합되어 있다는 점에서 기존의 사회적 기업과의 차이점을 찾아낼 수 있고, 이는 보다 구체적으로 양립성, 집중성, 다중성으로 세분화하여 혼합성을 이해할 수 있다. 그리고 이러한 혼합형 조직의 특성으로 말미암아서 소셜 벤처의 성장과정에서 나타날 수 있는 미션 드리프트 현상이나 내부 구성원들의 가치 내재화 과정 등에 대해서 기존의 기업과는 차별적인 성장과정을 보임에 주목한다. 이러한 사회적 기업 만의 차별적인 특성을 체계적으로 이해하기 위해서 제도주의 이론에서 출발하여 생태학적 관점, 기호학적 관점, 사회-인지적 관점을 적용하여, 향후 사회적 기업 생존 및 성장을 심층적으로 이해할 수 있는 이론적 토대를 제공하고자 한다.

Abstract

Acknowledging that social ventures have multiple identities derived from different institutional logics, this study illuminates differentiated aspects of firm growth of social ventures. While prior studies on hybrid organizations have focuses on how nonprofits successfully internalize commercial functions to achieve their social mission, this study turns the attention to how social ventures, as a group of for-profit organizations pursuing social mission, can be successfully fitted to their economic environment over time. In particular, drawn from the literature on hybridity and the adaptation of small businesses, we consider four aspects of firm growth: survival, profits, boundary expansion, and sustainable competitive advantages. Along with these growth-related aspects, this study explores how the growth of social ventures can be facilitated as well as it is constrained upon the change in hybridity. Using various theoretical lenses, such as an ecosystem perspective, an interpretive approach, and a socio-cognitve perspective, this study expands our knowledge on how social ventures survive and grow in conjunction with the change in hybridity.

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