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中国法学本科教育最新国家标准及评价

China’s the Latest National Standards of Law Undergraduate Education and Evaluation

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为了加强人才培养质量,提高专业建设水平,中国于2018年制定《普通高等学校本科专业类教学质量国家标准》,并要求全国各高校、本科目录中的全部92个本科专业类参考执行该标准. 法学类教学质量国家标准,从专业定位、适用专业范围、培养目标、培养规格、课程体系、教学规范、教师队伍、教学条件、教学效果、质量保障体系等十个方面对中国的法学专业建设提出了更为严格的要求. 这一标准的制定,在一定层度上解决了中国国内法学教育所面临的设置法学专业的高校较多,相互之间培养质量参差不齐;法学本科教育理论型教育强、应用型教育薄弱;法学人才培养同质化现象严重等问题. 但尚留有较大的完善空间. 如硬性规定实践教师比例,从根上解决缺少培养应用型人才的师资问题;增加法学专业选修课的比例,开放课程考评机制,培养具有创新精神的特色人才;明确退出机制,在优胜劣汰中提高法学专业建设质量;理顺法学本科教育与国家统一法律职业资格考试之间的关系,使两者能够相辅相成,为培养复合型、职业型、创新型法治人才而提供良好环境.

Abstract

In order to enhance the quality of talents and improve the level of major construction, “the National Standard of Undergraduate Teaching Quality in Universities and Colleges” is enacted in China in 2018. It requires 92 undergraduates which are in every university and college’s undergraduate catalog to refer to and implement the standard. The National Standard of Legal Teaching Quality puts forward more strict demanding for China’s legal undergraduate construction. Such as professional orientation, application expertise, training objective, training standard, curriculum system, teaching norm, faculty, teaching conditions, teaching effect, quality assurance system, and so on. This standard will resolve some problems. For instance, the uneven quality of education in every university or college, weak application oriented education, serious phenomena of the same legal talent training quality. Meanwhile, it still leaves a substantial improvement of space. First of all, it will give a fundamental solution to the problems of lack of training applied talents in faculties through the mandatory proportion of practicing teachers. Secondly, it could cultivate innovative talents through increasing the proportion of the legal professional elective courses and opening curriculum evaluation system. Thirdly, it clears the exit system and improves quality of legal undergraduate construction through keen competition. Fourthly, it could rationalize the relationship between legal undergraduate education and the National Uniform Legal Professional Qualification Examination and make both complement each other, the standard will build a good environment for cultivating the legal talents of combination, professional and innovation.

참고문헌 (8)

  1. 法学类教学质量国家标准, "普通高等学校本科专业类教学质量国家标准" (2018), 高等教育出版社
  2. 양혜성, "중국의 법학교육과 인재양성", 법학논총, 20(2), pp.331~351 (2008), 법학연구소[DOI]
  3. 刘剑文, "供给侧改革下法学本科核心课程的结构调整", 政法论丛, (3) (2017)
  4. 王新清, "论法学教育‘内涵式发展’的必由之路-解决我国当前法学教育的主要矛盾", 中国青年社会科学, (1) (2018)
  5. 雷秋玉, "本科法学教育模式的反思与择定-在现实主义与科学主义之间", 江汉学术, (2) (2018)
  6. 韩有亨, "中韩法学教育比较研究", 博士, pp.2010
  7. 刘坤轮, "我国法学类专业本科课程体系改革的现状与未来-以五大政法院校类院校为例", 中国政法大学学报, (4) (2017)
  8. 李会春, "中国高校通识课程设置现状研究", 复旦教育论坛, 5(4) (2007)

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