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교육 분야 질적연구의 도구로서 사진에 관한 시론적 고찰

The Introductory Review on Photography as a Qualitative Research Tool in Education

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한국교육인류학회 (The Korean Society For The Study Of Anthropology Of Education)|2016.06|교육인류학연구 (The Journal of Anthropology of Education)|제19권 제2호|pp. 1-35|DOI 10.17318/jae.2016.19.2.001

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참고문헌

키워드

사진질적연구qualitative researchphotography연구도구사진 기반 연구이미지 기반 연구image-based researchvisual researchvisual anthropology of education
주제분류교육학

초록

사진은 카메라의 발명 이래 우리의 경험을 포착해 두려는 의식의 도구이자, 인간의 문화와 사회 현상을 기록하려는 관찰 도구로서 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 특히, 인류학과 사회학 분야에서는 영상 인류학(visual anthropology)과 영상 사회학(visual sociology)이라는 연구 분야가 생겨날 정도로 사진은 사회과학분야의 질적연구에서 중요한 연구도구로서 자리잡아왔다. 그러나 국내 질적연구 분야에서 시각 이미지 기반 연구에 대한 논의는 부족한 실정이다. 이제 디지털 미디어의 발달로 인해 시각 이미지를 창조할 수 있는 도구들이 언제 어디서든 누구에게나 이용 가능한 시대가 되었다. 특히 디지털 원주민으로서 학생 세대가 시각 이미지를 통한 의사소통에 더 친숙해지는 상황을 고려했을 때 교육현장에서의 질적연구 도구로서 사진에 대한 논의가 절실하다. 이러한 필요성으로부터 본 논문은 교육 분야에서 질적연구의 도구로서 사진에 관한 시론적 탐색을 시도하였다. 우선 사진 기반의 질적연구 방법론 이슈들을 탐색하였다. 연구도구로서의 사진의 역사, 질적연구에서 활용되는 사진자료의 성격, 사진을 통한 현장접근, 관찰도구로서의 사진, 면담도구로서의 사진, 내러티브 탐구도구로서의 사진, 사진 기반 연구에서의 윤리적 이슈 등이 논의되어졌다. 이를 바탕으로 교육 분야에서의 사진 기반 질적연구 문헌들을 분석하였다. 교육 분야의 질적연구에서 사진을 통해 무엇을 탐색하고자 하였으며, 어떻게 활용하고자 하였는지를 분석하였다. 끝으로 국내 교육 분야에서도 시각 이미지 기반의 질적연구의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

Photography has taken an important part as a research tool to record social and cultural phenomenon. Particularly, the research approaches such as ‘visual anthropology’ and ‘visual sociology’ have emerged in the fields of anthropology and sociology. It reflects the importance of photography and visual image as a research tool. However, it’s hard to find any photography-based or image-based research articles in Korean qualitative research literatures. Thus, the purpose of this study is to conduct an introductory review of photography as a qualitative research tool in education. First, the study explored the methodological issues for photography-based qualitative research. The discussed issues included the brief history of photography as a research tool, the nature and types of photography data, photography as observational tool, photography as an interview tool, photography as a narrative inquiry tool, and ethical issues. Second, the study analyzed the research trends in photography-based qualitative research in educational fields by reviewing 21 research articles. Finally, The necessity of follow-up studies toward ‘visual anthropology of education’ in Korea was discussed as an implication from this study.

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