몽골국의 문자 정책 소고 - 몽골어에 관한 법을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper briefly describes the debates within the Mongolian society for the selection of the national script between the present Cyrillic Mongolian script and the traditional Mongolian script. This paper also introduces the major legal and administrative procedures which resulted in the “Law on Mongolian Language,” enacted by Ulsyn Ih Hural, or the Parliament of Mongolia, on February 12 2015, and which became effective as of July 1 of the same year. The author discusses the main points of the “Law on Mongolian Language” in the following order. 1. Structure of the law 2. Official language of the nation 3. Selection of the national script and the meaning of the script names 4. Preparation for the future use of two scripts 5. Orthography of both writing systems The author recognizes the difficulties of using two official writing systems in a single country but he argues that the knowledge and mastery of the traditional Mongolian script by Mongolians should improve greatly by 2025 through the efforts of both schools and society, and with the enforcement of various steps provided by the “Law on the Mongolian Language.” The author expects efforts by Kazakh students, families, and schools, as well as the cooperation of the entire Mongolian society, will help improve the Mongolian proficiency of the Kazakh citizens of Mongolia. In the appendix, a full Korean translation of the “Law on the Mongolian Language” is provided along with related articles on the “Law on Violation.”