미노스 왕조의 크레타와 동 지중해
The Minoan Crete and the Eastern Mediterranean
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The purpose of this article is to describe the Minoan Dynasty, founded by Minos the First in the years of 1506/5 BC, in the relationship with the Mycenean Greece and the 18th Dynasty in Egypt.In the chapters Ⅱ and Ⅲ, on the basis of Greek writers, it will be suggested that Minos the First, who was the son of Europe, was related to the Hyksos who was expelled from Egypt, and that the Minoan thalassocracy was continued to the reign of Minos the Second, that is, to the first half of the thirteenth century BC. In Chapter Ⅲ, opposing arguments with the conventional wisdom that the Mycenaean Greeks conquered Crete c. 1450 BC will be introduced, and the ancient Greek writers' statements which mentioned the time when Mycenaean Greeks invaded the Crete will be examined, especially that of Herodotus(7.171-2).In Chapter Ⅳ, the Minoan Crete will be considered in the international relationship with the 18th Dynasty in Egypt on the basis of the documents in the reigns of Tuthmosis Ⅲ and Amenophis Ⅲ, and the wall painting of Taureador(bull leaper) scene, discovered in the site of Avaris, Hyksos’s capital. Since the 1470s when the 18th-Dynasty pharaoh Tuthmosis Ⅲ conquered much of Syro-Palestine, the region which had been regarded as a buffer zone between Egypt and Hitittes, Egyptian suzerainty over the Aegean must have been formed. Could the purpose of Egyptian embassy to Crete and Mycenaean Greece be to hold the Hittite Empire in check?
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the Minoan Dynasty, founded by Minos the First in the years of 1506/5 BC, in the relationship with the Mycenean Greece and the 18th Dynasty in Egypt.In the chapters Ⅱ and Ⅲ, on the basis of Greek writers, it will be suggested that Minos the First, who was the son of Europe, was related to the Hyksos who was expelled from Egypt, and that the Minoan thalassocracy was continued to the reign of Minos the Second, that is, to the first half of the thirteenth century BC. In Chapter Ⅲ, opposing arguments with the conventional wisdom that the Mycenaean Greeks conquered Crete c. 1450 BC will be introduced, and the ancient Greek writers' statements which mentioned the time when Mycenaean Greeks invaded the Crete will be examined, especially that of Herodotus(7.171-2).In Chapter Ⅳ, the Minoan Crete will be considered in the international relationship with the 18th Dynasty in Egypt on the basis of the documents in the reigns of Tuthmosis Ⅲ and Amenophis Ⅲ, and the wall painting of Taureador(bull leaper) scene, discovered in the site of Avaris, Hyksos’s capital. Since the 1470s when the 18th-Dynasty pharaoh Tuthmosis Ⅲ conquered much of Syro-Palestine, the region which had been regarded as a buffer zone between Egypt and Hitittes, Egyptian suzerainty over the Aegean must have been formed. Could the purpose of Egyptian embassy to Crete and Mycenaean Greece be to hold the Hittite Empire in check?
참고문헌 (14)
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- Ian Shaw, "The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt" (2000), Oxford University Press
- Eric Cline, "An Unpublished Amenhotep III Faience Plaque from Mycenae", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 110(2) (1990)
- A. Bernard Knapp, "Thalassocracies in Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean Trade: Making and Breaking a Myth", World Archaeology, 24(3) (1993)
- A. Bernard Knapp, "Island Cultures: Crete, Thera, Cyprus, Rhodes, and Sardinia, Civilizations of the Ancient Near East" (1995), Charles Scribner’s Sons