미노스 문명의 ‘신성 뿔’과 달의 신
The Horns of Consecration and the Moon God
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The so called Horns of Consecration are impressively found all over Crete. However, it is not yet clear what this meant. There are many views and interpretations of this, such as the actual horns of bull, or the sun or mountains. This article tries to examine the meaning of the horns in the context of the cultural exchange surrounding the ancient Mediterranean and Orient, noting that the Horns of Consecration appeared not only on the island of Crete, but also from Cyprus to the Arabian Peninsula. In short, this paper concludes that the Horns of Consecration was deeply related to the actual bull’s horns, and was not without relation to the mountains or the sun, but was ultimately a symbol of the Moon god(called Nanna, Ninurta, Suen, Sin etc.), the most important god of ancient Mesopotamia who was regarded as a recipient of political power and a god of prosperity and abundance. And the representative symbols of the Moon god were crescent or bull (& ox horns), as evidenced by literature and iconography. The rulers of that time when nature, religion, and politics were inseparably entangled, would have needed to emphasize the relationship with the moon god, the most powerful in many respects. The Cretan rulers might have enshrined the Horns of Consecration, symbolizing the power of the moon god, to seek help from the god and to show off their political power to people.
Abstract
The so called Horns of Consecration are impressively found all over Crete. However, it is not yet clear what this meant. There are many views and interpretations of this, such as the actual horns of bull, or the sun or mountains. This article tries to examine the meaning of the horns in the context of the cultural exchange surrounding the ancient Mediterranean and Orient, noting that the Horns of Consecration appeared not only on the island of Crete, but also from Cyprus to the Arabian Peninsula. In short, this paper concludes that the Horns of Consecration was deeply related to the actual bull’s horns, and was not without relation to the mountains or the sun, but was ultimately a symbol of the Moon god(called Nanna, Ninurta, Suen, Sin etc.), the most important god of ancient Mesopotamia who was regarded as a recipient of political power and a god of prosperity and abundance. And the representative symbols of the Moon god were crescent or bull (& ox horns), as evidenced by literature and iconography. The rulers of that time when nature, religion, and politics were inseparably entangled, would have needed to emphasize the relationship with the moon god, the most powerful in many respects. The Cretan rulers might have enshrined the Horns of Consecration, symbolizing the power of the moon god, to seek help from the god and to show off their political power to people.
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