뮈케네 궁전경제의 구조와 역할
The Structure and Role of the Mycenaean Palace Economy
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I introduced in this paper the recent research results on the Mycenaean palace economy and added some of my own ideas on major points by analysing the Linear B tablets. This paper consists of two parts, one about the land tenure system and the other about production and collecting of raw materials by the palace center. I followed the widely accepted theory which distinguish the cultivated land into two kinds according to the ownership(or tenure), i.e. private land of the individuals and public land collectively controlled by the dāmos(village community or local administrate units). However, I included the palatial land and gods’ land in the category of the privately owned land, because those lands were free from the community regulations. Public land controlled collectively by the dāmos was alloted among the farmers. But as for the condition of landholding, hardly anything was known. Palace centers coming short of their own land appropriated the dāmos land for their own use, mainly in order to provide payments with the land for the various service of the high ranking officials and men of power. In the latter part of the paper, I examined the production and tax collecting of the basic materials by the palace centers. Mycenaean palace economy could be divided into two sectors, i.e. palace sector and nonpalace sector. In the former sector palace itself involved with the production of materials which was essential for the major industry or consumption. It organized the production either direct way or through the tarasija system. The latter sector is the economic sphere without palace control in their production. In this sector, palace collected six major items in the form of tax together with the labor tribute. The relative importance of the tax collecting in the whole economy is controversial problem far from certainty, but the collected material might be of vital importance as a essential resource for the state's key industry such as perfume oil and textile production. One sector which linked the palace sector and nonpalace sector was sharecropping system to which both palace center and dāmos took part together. If the sharecropping occupied a significant part in palace economy, the redistributive model of the Mycenaean economy would need to be revised to a meaningful extent.
Abstract
I introduced in this paper the recent research results on the Mycenaean palace economy and added some of my own ideas on major points by analysing the Linear B tablets. This paper consists of two parts, one about the land tenure system and the other about production and collecting of raw materials by the palace center. I followed the widely accepted theory which distinguish the cultivated land into two kinds according to the ownership(or tenure), i.e. private land of the individuals and public land collectively controlled by the dāmos(village community or local administrate units). However, I included the palatial land and gods’ land in the category of the privately owned land, because those lands were free from the community regulations. Public land controlled collectively by the dāmos was alloted among the farmers. But as for the condition of landholding, hardly anything was known. Palace centers coming short of their own land appropriated the dāmos land for their own use, mainly in order to provide payments with the land for the various service of the high ranking officials and men of power. In the latter part of the paper, I examined the production and tax collecting of the basic materials by the palace centers. Mycenaean palace economy could be divided into two sectors, i.e. palace sector and nonpalace sector. In the former sector palace itself involved with the production of materials which was essential for the major industry or consumption. It organized the production either direct way or through the tarasija system. The latter sector is the economic sphere without palace control in their production. In this sector, palace collected six major items in the form of tax together with the labor tribute. The relative importance of the tax collecting in the whole economy is controversial problem far from certainty, but the collected material might be of vital importance as a essential resource for the state's key industry such as perfume oil and textile production. One sector which linked the palace sector and nonpalace sector was sharecropping system to which both palace center and dāmos took part together. If the sharecropping occupied a significant part in palace economy, the redistributive model of the Mycenaean economy would need to be revised to a meaningful extent.
참고문헌 (17)
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