조선 숙종조 영토분쟁의 배경과 대응에 관한 검토 - 안용복 활동의 새로운 검토를 위해 -

Abstract

In the period of King Sukjong of Joseon Dynasty, ‘Ulleungdo dispute’ occurred between Joseon Dynasty and Japan over Ulleungdo and Dokdo. In the northern district, the dispute was in constant trouble with over ‘BeomWol’ (boarder) between Joseon Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. The territorial dispute at that time occurred by the catastrophe of the outward shock, the migrants over a wide area caused by the attack of Little Ice Period, the tax exploitation and avoiding labor for Ulleung, Dokdo, and BeomWol as a boarder area of Qing Dynasty. The migrants entered to the boarder areas, where wasn’t reached the public power of nation, and raised the boarder dispute. So Joseon government promoted the setting up Eup and Jin. Revealing adverse criticism by Its effectiveness, the right countermeasure wasn’t mapped out. The territorial dispute happened over BeomWol between Joseon Dynasty and Qing Dynasty in the northern district, and Ulleungdo dispute between Joseon Dynasty and Japan in Ullengdo and Dokdo area. Especially, BeomWol in the northern district was connected with picking ginseng. Disguise and ginseng trade were related behind it and through the capital merchant, they exchanged silver through the trade with Japan in the trade office of DongRae. In the 11th year of King Sukjong, the prohibition of ginseng trade management deepened the dissatisfaction of the trade office because the acceptance in trade office was given a great deal of weight on the ginseng trade. The official interpreter of DongRae smuggled with the trade office, and on the pretense of the private servants in Seoul, they didn’t tell Japanese it was the officer interpreter’s goods. It is the record from the 36th volume of Sukjongsillok, March 29 in the 36th year of King Sukjong. In the 19th year of King Sukjong, when An, Yongbok sailing out for fish was kidnapped by Japan. The identifying tag was written in the private servant of O, Chungchu. Related to these, An, yongbok was from the officer interpreter of DongRae and engaged in smuggling. The prohibition of ginseng trade caused severe damage to the officer interpreters like An, yongbok. On this account, he decided for Ulleungdo to find the new trade route with Japan in the 19th and 20th year of King Sukjong. By the catastrophe of the outward shock, a great famine made a sudden attack, and the coastal residents around East and South coast came into Ulleungdo to find the way to live for the tax and avoiding labor. Because of this, around East and South coast, the fishermen of Joseon and Japan conflicted systematically. An, Yongbok, tried to develop the new trade rout, witnessed this in the 19th year of King Sukjong and ventured for Ulleungdo leading with the minimum of 135-140 people in 13 fleets in King Sukjong. He called with the false name ‘UlleungJasan YangdoGamse’ to the people from Joseon and Japan, and he tried to get the tax from them in the officer costume and with the identity tag in the name of Tongjeong Daebu. Furthermore, to confirm it, he went over to Japan and tried to prove that Ulleungdo and Jasando, that is Dokdo, belonged to Joseon territory on the back of the 19th year of King Sukjong. At this point, An, Yongbok was the character dreaming of Jang, Bogo who was occupied the marine trade range of East Asia on the stage of Usanguk, which was the strong power county and Cheonghaejin.