울진 대풍헌 현판

Abstract

This study introduces 12 signboards created between 1851 and 1906, which was during the Joseon Dynasty, among the 17 signboards that are hung at Daepungheon ( village house) in Uljin. It was possible because an old building called Daepungheon from the Joseon Dynasty still exists. Daepungheon was stayed by territorial guards that were dispatched to administer Ulleungdo and Dokdo when they were waiting for calm winds for sailing in Gusanpo. I discovered historical records on investigating and guarding Ulleungdo here on June 1, 2005. These historical records include old texts called「Sutojeolmok」 and「Wanmun」, which were kept by Gusan-ri village’s independent organization, and the 17 signboards. Because other texts, such as『Joseon Wangjo Shillok』, have almost no records of dispatching territorial guards to Ulleungdo and Dokdo in the 19th Century, it was uncertain whether territorial guards were no longer dispatched or just not mentioned. Fortunately, the signboards and old texts kept at Daepungheon assured that the government of Joseon still administered Ulleungdo and Dokdo as Korean territories in the 19th Century and dispatched territorial guards, including military officers, regularly to patrol. The following summarizes the significance and historical value of the signboards of Daepungheon. First, not many historical records mention that the government of Joseon guarded Ulleungdo and Dokdo in the 19th Century, but these signboards are precious historical evidence that manifests that the government of Joseon still administered and ruled Ulleungdo and Dokdo in the 19th Century. Second, these signboards prove that the people of Uljin covered the cost of guarding Ulleungdo and Dokdo in the Joseon Dynasty, commemorated Wolsong Manho and the governors of Pyeonghae who helped them, and constructed Daepungheon. They also prove that Samcheok Jinjang and Wolsong Manho, the people that are mentioned in『Joseon Wangjo Shillok』, took three-year shifts to guard Ulleungdo and Dokdo alternately. Third, the signboards tell us that when Samcheok Jinjang and Wolsong Manho were dispatched by the government of Joseon to guard Ulleungdo and Dokdo, they departed from Gusanpo, Pyeonghae-gun and that these territorial guards stayed in Daepungheon, the village house (assembly hall) of Gusan-ri to wait for calm winds for sailing. Fourth, the signboards also describe the roles of the people of Pyeonghae that paid for the cost of dispatching territorial guards, showing us the social circumstances of that time.