조선후기 경상도 영양현(英陽縣)의 지역적 특성과 주민 구성 -경상도영양현임자식호적대장(慶尙道英陽縣壬子式戶籍大帳)을 통하여-

Abstract

Although initially a subordinate district of the neighboring Yeonghae region in early Joseon, Yeongyang maintained a distinct identity, with local residents actively pursuing efforts for administrative independence during the 17th century. As a result, in 1683, Yeongyang ultimately gained status as an independent district, a designation that has persisted as "Yeongyang-gun" through administrative reforms during the Joseon Dynasty, the Japanese colonial period, and Korea's post-liberation era. Understanding the socio-cultural background of late Joseon Yeongyang provides insights into this transition to independence and the subsequent composition of its residents. The household register titled Kyŏngsang-do Yŏngyang-hyŏn Imja-shik Hojŏk Daejang Sŏngch’aek (慶尙道英陽縣壬子式戶籍大帳成冊), archived in the Jangseogak of the Academy of Korean Studies and compiled in 1792, serves as a valuable resource for this study. Although records for the last village of Sanun-ri in Cheonggi-myeon and the entirety of Subi-myeon are missing, a comparison with the 1789 Hogu Chongsoo census confirms that over 90% of the households were recorded in the register. Thus, this source proves essential for examining the demographic characteristics and settlement patterns of Yeongyang in the late Joseon period. The register reveals that Yeongyang exhibited features of a typical small town in the late Joseon period, with unique elements of the myeon-ri system. During the transitional phase toward an established district governance, Yeongyang displayed a distinctive system where "primary villages" (Suri, 首里) functioned within the myeon and ri boundaries, reflecting its independent status despite a smaller population and modest administrative scale.