중국에서의 일본 ‘新村主義’ 수용과 영향 - 근대 문학가 저우쭤런(周作人)을 중심으로

Abstract

The New Village Idea (新村主義) appeared in the Japanese world of thought during the 1910s. It was supported by Mushanokoji Saneatsu (武者小路實篤) and the Shirakaba Circle, which followed the thought of Mushanokoji. They combined the pan-laborism of Tolstoy and the mutualism of Kropotkin in pursuing an ideal communist community, a public community without thinking, which denies violent revolution, where people work equally and develop self at leisure time. The New Village Idea attracted the attention of people and rapidly expanded; though the period was short. It gave a big impact on the Chinese intellectuals studying in Japan at the time, in addition to the Japanese intellectuals. Zhou Zuoren (周作人) also had great interest in the New Village Idea. Zhou Zuoren was the first person who was fascinated by the New Village Idea, introduced it to China and actively promoted the New Village Idea in China as a central person. The Japanese New Village Idea, which was introduced to Japan by Zhou Zuoren in 1919, became an issue on the modernization methodology of the Chinese intellectuals at the time. There was a hot debate between Zhou Zuoren supporting the New Village Idea and Hu Shi (胡適), Lu Xun (魯迅) who harshly criticized the New Village Idea. This study explores the impact of the New Village Idea on the modern age China, which was a small episode of anarchism that dominated a time in opposition to the hegemonism of modern age imperialism powers in East Asia but soon became forgotten in the backwaters of history.