현대중국어 ‘V到’구조의 부정

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the conditions under which mei and bu can appear in the V-dao structure. First, through a summary of previous research, it is shown that sentences with mei represent a stative structure, while sentences with bu represent an event structure. Therefore, in order to negate a sentence using the RVC(Resultative Verb Complement), mei should be used for general declarative sentences, whereas bu can only be used in conditional sentences. This is because the main verbs typically used in the RVC structure, when combined with the RVC, presuppose the occurrence of an action. As a result, it is common for the event structure to be present at the sentence level, with negation occurring solely through mei. However, in the case of gan-dao, ganjue-dao, and jian-dao, an exceptional situation arises in which they can be negated by both mei and bu. This occurs because verbs gan, ganjue, and jian can also form sentences that lack an event structure at the sentence level, and as a result, RVC structures containing these verbs can be negated with both mei and bu. Therefore, the appearance of mei and bu in the V-dao structure can be explained by the properties of the main verb, rather than by dao in the RVC structure.