18세기 후반 북경 천주당을 통한 천주교 서적의 조선 전래와 신앙공동체의 성립 - 이승훈의 역할을 중심으로 -

Abstract

It was the Western books written in Chinese characters, introduced from the European Catholic missionaries into diplomatic delegation of Joseon dynasty as a present or as a being purchased in the street of bookshops Yoorichang in Beijing China that made the Korean intellectuals see and understand the western studies in the late of Choseon dynasty. From the beginning of 17th century the Catholic books as a sort of Western books had been transmitted to Choseon dynasty from Beijing by the diplomatic delegation and his following catholics visited to Catholic Church, till the early in the 1830s. Lee Seung-hoon(1756~1801) is the most famous person who introduced the Catholic books from Beijing to Choseon dynasty and founded Catholic Church in Korea. His christian name was Peter, and another name Man-cheon. Lee Seung-hoon, the son of the third ambassador of the diplomatic delegation followed his father on November in 1783, and visited Catholic church in Beijing on January in 1784. And there he studied catholic dogma and expressed his decision of preaching the gospel, then he was baptised by Fr. Grammont and received various plenty book for catholic religious life and christian activities, amounting from dozens to hundreds, with the object of encouraging and supporting him. As soon as returning to his country, he made an effort to read carefully and to discuss with his fellows in order to arming the theoretical basis for preaching the gospel. By having the first baptizing ceremony at Soopyo-gyo in Seoul in 1784, he has founded the Catholic community, from that time to 1794, during 10 years, he did his duty for church, thereby he became the founding contributor of Korean Catholic church. He accomplished his duty excellently due to such books as Gospel commentary, player book, catechism for protecting church, biography of saints, the books for seven Sacraments, etc., which were introduced to Choseon dynasty from Beijing by him. Lee Seung-hoon was the first and representative person who has been famouse for introducing plenty and diverse catholic books in earnest, thereby he died a martyr in 1801.