Development and Characterization of Interspecific Hybrids among Arachis species
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Abstract
Wild peanut species have proven to be an important germplasm resource. The objective of this study was to characterize interspecific crossability among 3 cultivars and 5 wild species of the peanut. Hybrids were acquired from crosses among three cultivars and five wild diploid species, respectively. A. sylvestirs A. Chev. evidenced the highest degree of crossability among the three cultivars. In the Valencia type, the combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. IT187846 and A. sylvestirs A. Chev. formed 32.7% pegs. Pods were developed in 98.8%, and seeds were produced at a rate of 49.4%, a higher percentage than was observed with the Virginia or Spanish types. Peg formation from pollinated flowers was increased by 18.4∼62.1% via the application of GA3, as opposed to the 26.3∼34.7% control value. The combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang and A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory resulted in 93.9% peg formation. Seeds set in 24.2∼26.9% from the pegs, representing a 4.2∼16.3% increase over the 10.8∼24.3% control values. As the result of GA3 treatment of flowers after pollination, the peg emergence ratio increased significantly, but seed formation increased only by a small amount. The pods of the interspecific hybrid were smaller than those of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang, and a portion of the pod had immature seeds or abnormal seeds. Via PCR-RAPD method, we were able to determine that the exotic DNA had been integrated from A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory to A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang.
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