일본의 ‘간도(間島) 출병’ 배경 검토

Abstract

From the beginning of October 1920, the year following the March 1st Independence Movement, Japan took the pretext of ‘the Hunchun incident (琿春事件)’ to cross the border to the Gando(間島) area, the opposite side across the Tumen River(豆滿江) and the Yalu River(鴨綠江), and carried out large-scale military actions. It is ‘the Gando(間島) Intervention of Japanese Army’. In the military action of the Japanese army, which developed for about 8 months, throughout the entire anti-Japanese war of the Korean people, the achievement of the ‘Cheongsan-ri Battle(靑山里軍鬪)’ was the greatest victory of the Korean independence fighters. However, on the other hand, there was a tragedy of ‘The disaster of 1920(庚申慘變)’ in which many Koreans who lived in Gando and were the basis of the independence movement were massacred by the Japanese military. Existing studies have figured out the background and cause of the Gando Intervention of Japanese Army as a suppression of the Korean community in Gando, where the atmosphere of the independence figthers and the anti-Japanese independence movement is rising as a practical anti-Japanese military organization. Of course, an analysis like this is reasonable. But not enough understanding. I think this only explains some of the backgrounds and causes of the Gando Intervention of Japanese Army, but does not explain the overall background and cause. With this analysis alone, why did Japan have to conduct large-scale military actions by ordering the local bandits to attack its own consulate and manipulate the Hunchun incident that killed its own citizens? Was the Independence fighters actually that threatening? Why was that period 1920? fail to answer enough questions such as. Large-scale military operations require huge budgets and troops. It is not understood that such military actions are carried out to destroy the low-level and small-scale independence forces even while illegally crossing the border. In addition, Japan was in a very difficult time due to the economic depression at that time. Nevertheless, it is even more understandable to carry out large-scale military actions that are wasteful because of the independent forces. Nevertheless, it is even more incomprehensible to carry out large-scale military actions that are wasteful because of the independent forces. This study examined the background and cause of Japan's the Gando Intervention of Japanese Army. First, the need to suppress the independence army, independence movement forces, and the Korean community in Gando, which was the foundation, as a realistic threat spreading to Manchuria around Gando, Second, removing external destabilizing factors to ensure stability in colonial Joseon's rule, which was still unstable after the March 1st Independence Movement, Third, by gaining control of the area through the occupation of the Japanese army, securing the personal safety of the Japanese in Manchuria and expanding the economic zone, preparing for a breakthrough in resolving the economic crisis that occurred in Japan after World War I. It is identified in these three things.