한국 고대사회 사람뼈 집단의 괴혈병 유병양상
Probable Cases of Scurvy in Subadults Crania from Archaeological Sites, South Korea
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 한반도 내 고대사회의 괴혈병 유병 양상을 특정 사람뼈 집단의 미성년 개체들을 대상으로평가하고 그 의미를 해석해보고자 하는 것이다. 연구는 기원 전후 무렵부터 7세기 무렵에 해당하는 국내에서 보고된사람뼈 집단 중 가장 규모가 큰 경산 임당, 김해 예안리, 사천 늑도 유적 출토 사람뼈 집단의 미성년 개체들을 대상으로 하였다. 분석 결과, 늑도, 임당, 예안리 유적 출토 미성년 집단은 괴혈병으로 의심되는 개체들의 빈도가 상당히 높은 수준이었다. 임당 유적 집단은 전체 미성년에 해당하는 9개체 중 4개체(44%)에서, 늑도 유적 집단은 8개체 중 6개체(75%), 예안리 유적은 13개체의 미성년개체 중 12개체(92%)에서 괴혈병으로 의심되는 뼈의 변화가 확인되었다. 또 괴혈병으로 의심되는 병변을 보이는 연령대는 늑도 집단이 가장 어리고 예안리, 임당 집단 순으로 나이가 많았다. 임당 유적 출토 집단의 경우 6세 이하의 연령 범주에서는 괴혈병으로 의심되는 개체가 확인되지 않았다. 그러나 늑도 유적출토 집단에서는 6세 이하의 개체들에서만 병변이 확인되었고 예안리 유적 출토 집단도 6세 이상보다는 6세 이하의연령 범주에서 병변의 빈도가 더 높았다. 이 연구는 우리나라 고대사회 괴혈병 유병 양상의 일면을 유추할 수 있게 하는 연구로서 향후 과거 사회의 식생활양상과 질병을 비롯한 건강상태 및 생활수준을 복원하는 연구에 기여할 수 있으리라 본다.
Abstract
In this study, the skeletal abnormalities associated with scurvy in subadults crania from three archaeological skeletal collections (Nukdo, Imdang, Yeanri), South Korea was analyzed to examine the prevalence and distribution of childhood scurvy of ancient Korea. For this, 30 subadults crania from the Nukdo, Imdang, Yeanri site were examined. Using criteria described by Ortner and Ericksen (1997) for identifying scurvy in skeletal material we evaluated the cranial skeleton of the subadults for evidence of abnormal porosity. All skeletal materials were macroscopically evaluated for pathological changes associated with scurvy. In results, lesions indicative of probable scurvy were observed in 22 individuals of 30 individuals. Based on the results, childhood disease relating to nutrition and metabolism in ancient Korea might have been widespread, along with scurvy. The results of the present study will be useful for understanding the health condition of the ancient Korean populations. Future work will add significantly to the larger picture of diet and disease within populations of ancient Korea.
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