근로장애인의 빈곤 상태 변화에 대한 종단분석: 패널 로짓 혼합모델의 적용
A longitudinal study on poverty status changes of disabled workers: Using a panel logit mixed model
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이 연구는 근로장애인의 빈곤 영향 요인들을 살펴보고, 근로장애인의 빈곤정책에 대한 함의를 제시하기 위해 한국장애인고용패널 1~4차 조사의 패널자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 이항 종속변수를 분석하고자 패널로짓 분석의 임의효과모델과 고정효과모델의 단점을 보완하고 장점을 활용할 수 있는 혼합 모델을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 가구구성요소 중에서 아동유무와 노인유무는 개별사례간 및 개별사례내 효과가 모두 빈곤 가능성을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 추가근로가구원과 개인근로소득은 개별사례간 효과와 개별사례내 효과 모두 빈곤의 가능성을 낮추는 요인으로 조사되었다. 사회복지급여 중에서 사회보험급여는 개별사례간 및 개별사례내 효과가 모두 근로장애인의 빈곤 가능성을 낮추었으나, 공공부조급여는 개별사례내 효과만 약간 빈곤 가능성을 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 근로장애인가구의 빈곤 완화를 위해 돌봄서비스 제공, 양질의 일자리 제공 및 사회보험급여 확대를 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study analyzed 4 waves(2008~2011) of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled to explore factors on the poverty of disabled workers, and to suggest implications to policies for poor disabled workers. A poverty status of disabled workers is the dependent variable of this study, and a mixed model has been used to resolve the problems of both a random effect model and a fixed effect model in a panel logit. The result shows that both the between- and within-cluster effects of a child and an elderly are negative and statistically significant, while the between- and within-cluster effects of additional workers in a household are positive and statistically significant, i.e. reducing the odds of poverty. The between- and within-cluster effects of individual earned income by disabled workers are also positive and statistically significant on the poverty. The between- and within-cluster effects of pension benefits are positive and statistically significant, while the between-cluster effects of public assistance benefits are not significant, and the within-cluster effects of public assistance benefits are on the border line. Therefore, care services are needed to be provided with disabled workers with a child or an elderly in order to allow other family members to work. In addition, ‘good’ jobs are needed rather than just jobs for disabled workers. Finally, income support for disabled workers are needed to be extended.
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