朱子學에서 본 退溪와 高峯의 四端七情論

Abstract

The core of Four-Seven debate is to identify what is role of emotion and where is position of it. Both Yi Hwang and Gi Daeseung secure each of grounds of assertions in Zhuzixue. The purpose of this paper is to compare their viewpoints focused three issues of debate and is to investigate the debate in perspective of Zhuzixue. First, four clues and seven emotions are human emotions and belong to same category of emotions. Yi Hwang regards four clues and seven emotions as the bifurcated, Gi Daeseung sees that four clues is included in seven emotions. The difference occurs because Zhu-zi clearly did not investigate relationship between the two. Second, Yi Hwang divides four clues and seven emotions, and asserts that four clues belong to Li, seven emotions belong to Qi. Its ground found relationship between inherent nature and physical nature. In the Zhuzixue, inherent nature was restored to Li, physical nature was done to the sum of Li and Qi. Thus, like Gi Daeseung’s criticism, each of four clues and seven emotions do not belong to Li and Qi. Zhuzixue sets two nature of inherent nature and physical nature. If so, however, it is discrepant from ‘human nature is principle’. Relationship of Li and Qi has an inherent contradiction. Third, Yi Hwang asserted ‘theory of mutual occurrence of Li and Qi’, and Gi Daeseung argued ‘theory of combined occurrence of Li and Qi’ as four clues and seven emotions is revivified as theory of LiQi. Relationship of Li and Qi is it of ‘unmoved mover’ and ‘the moved’ in the Zhuzixue. Li is metaphysical noumenon and moves Qi, but Li itself directly does not move. Gi Daeseung satisfies circulation of Taiji, but Yi Hwang’s theory of ‘unmoved mover’ of Li essentially differs with Zhuzixue. Gi Daeseung not only satisfies ‘not being separate’ of ‘Li and Qi’ which is elementary proposition of Zhuzixue, but also analysis of category of four clues and seven emotions, and understanding of nature corresponds with theory of mind-nature of Zhuzixue. On the other hand, Yi Hwang divides four clues and seven emotions, and he asserts each of sojonglae differs. His assertion, Li directly moves, differs with Zhuzixue. four-seven debate theoretically intensifies Zhuzixue, and it is the beginning which has difference between Korean Zhuzixue and Chinese it.