漢代 春秋學 成立 이전의 春秋觀에 대한 고찰 - 諸子百家와 孟子, 『公羊傳』과의 비교 -

Abstract

For the Chinese ideological history of Han Dynasty classical studies, importance of Chunqiuxue (春秋學) cannot be neglected. Inter alia, the ideological basis of Chunqiuxue in Han Dynasty had existed ever since the Warring States period. Not only the Mengzi who had initiated the classics analysis, but also his academic dissenters such as Zhungzi (莊子), Xunzi (荀子), and Hanfeizi (韓非子) too, had been considering both Confucianism and Chunqiu to be in close proximity. Study for Chunqiu could generate a massive discourse because it was based on the theory called Weiyandayi (微言大義). Agreement on this Weiyan (微言) was made by the various schools of thought during Warring States period. However, there were disagreements regarding the writer of Chunqiu, and such disagreements founded separate arguments. Mengzi is particularly noteworthy that he was the first to suggest literal analysis, which is a basis for research methodology of Chunqiu called Zhucibishi (屬辭比事). However, his literal analysis has subtle difference from that of Gongyangzhuan (公羊傳). While Gongyangzhuan analysis empirically compared and contrasted phrases among existing texts, Mengzi used texts out of classics and reconstructed the meanings of Chunqiu. Therefore, while Mengzi’ approach has weaker support, it is easier to generate discourse. Such different ideas were reconciliated only after the unification by Han Dynasty, not during the Warring States period. After the reconciliation of both theories, massive discourse on the studies of Chunqiu was formed.