유가(儒家) 전쟁관(戰爭觀)에 관한 연구동향과 과제

Abstract

The study aims to examine the flow and issues of prior research on Confucian views of war and to see what research tasks will be further developed in the future. It is important to examine how the war was understood in Confucianism, which played a dominant role in Korean history, because war has had a profound impact on human history and is a condition that defines the present state of Korean society. It is also expected to shed light on Confucianism in another way. Through this study it could be confirmed that previous studies on Confucian views of war are focused on discussing how Confucianism, which believes a moral-oriented politics as an ideal, was positive or opposed to war under the structure of the relationship between politics and war. And generally, previous studies have shown that Confucianism is not regarded as a anti-war theory that denies war itself, but as a righteous-war(義戰: yìzhàn) theory that recognizes an inevitable war for benevolent governance(仁政: rénzhèng)-realization. Based on the results of the preceding research, discussions on Confucian views on the war in the future were considered to have a number of research tasks to develop in terms of content and method. First, in terms of content, it is necessary to clarify the understanding of war in connection with the philosophical grounds raised from the initial research. Specifically, it is necessary to examine how the approach understanding politics and war as a relationship between purpose and means differs from Clausewitz's discussion, and how the view of war can be different in terms of human nature. In terms of elements and parts of the concept of war, it is necessary to further examine to the concept of violence comprising the content and means of war and the subject matter of war, which was also controversial by Mencius. Next, in terms of methodology, comparative research with Western concepts is essential. These include the purpose-means relationship of politics and war, the just-war theory issue including discussion on the concept of violence, and further pacifism. And in order to understand the concept of war as a sociocultural phenomenon in our society, we must first look at how the concept of war is used and recognized in the history of the Joseon Dynasty.