코비드-19 이후 디지털 서비스 이용량의 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인: 세대 간 격차를 중심으로
Changes in the use of digital services among generations after COVID-19: implications for the digital divide policy
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초록
본 연구는 코비드-19를 전후하여 디지털 서비스 이용량의 변화를 설명하는 요인이 무엇인지를, ‘세대(generation)’ 를 중심으로 알아보고자 한다. 데이터는 한국지능정보사회진흥원에서 매년 실시하는 ‘디지털 정보격차 실태조사’의 2020년도 원자료를 이용하였다. 분석 결과, ‘PC 활용량’을 제외한 대부분의 이용 관련 변수들이 변화량에 긍정적인(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 세대 변수는 변화량에 유의미한 부적(-) 영향을 미쳤다. Z세대에서 SG(Silent Gneration) 세대로 갈수록 코비드-19 전후의 변화량이 낮게 나타났다. 스마트폰을 일상적으로 사용해 온 Y세대(1982∼1995년생)가 Z세대(1996년 이후 생)보다 더 큰 증가폭을 보였다. 상대적으로 ‘SG세대(1945년 이전 생)’는 증가의 정도가 가장 낮았으며, 베이비 부머와도 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 세대는 이용성과와 디지털 서비스 이용량의 변화를 부적으로(-) 조절하는 상호작용 변수로 나타났다. 디지털 서비스의 이용성과가 코비드-19 이후 디기털 서비스의 변화량에 가장 큰 영향을 미치지만, Z세대에서 침묵세대(SG)로 갈수록 그 정도가 완만해 진다는 것이다. 이러한 연구 결과는 디지털 격차에 대한 정책이 단순한 ‘연령(age)’을 넘어 ‘세대’(generation)별로 다른, 이른바 세대별로 특성화된 정책을 필요로 한다는 시사점을 보여준다.
Abstract
This study aims to find out what factors explain the difference in the amount of change in digital service use before and after COVID-19, focusing on 'generation'. The 2020 data of the ‘Digital Information Divide Survey 2020’ conducted by the NIA(National Information Society Agency) was used. As a result of the analysis, it was found that most variables except age, region, and ‘PC usage’ had a significantly positive (+) effect on the amount of change. In the case of the generation variable, it had a negative (-) effect. Among the generational cohort, Generation Y (born between 1982 and 1995), who used smartphone on a daily basis, showed a greater increase than Generation Z. Relatively, the ‘SG generation, born before 1945, showed the lowest amount of increase. In addition, generation has become an interactive variable that negatively (-) modulates changes in between outcome and change of digital service usage. In other words, although outcome of digital services has the greatest impact on changes in the use of digital services after COVID-19, the degree becomes gradually smaller from generation Z to silent generation(SG). These findings suggest that post-COVID policies on the digital divide go beyond simple ‘age’ and require ‘generation-specific’ policies.
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