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잠재전이분석(LTA)을 활용한 외상 후 스트레스 장애(PTSD) 증상과 외상 후 성장(PTG) 수준의 양상과 영향요인 검증

A Latent Transition Analysis of PTSD symptoms and PTG Among Traumatized People: Testing Predictors of Latent Class

이동훈|박세원|이덕희
한국상담학회 (Korean Counseling Association (KCA))|2022.12|상담학연구 (Korea Journal of Counseling)|제23권 제6호|pp. 135-165|DOI 10.15703/kjc.23.6.202212.135

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키워드

PTSD symptomsPTSD 증상자기파괴적 행동잠재전이분석PTG 수준외상사건 변인(사건 횟수사건 기간)긍정심리변인PTGLatent Transition Analysis(LTA)Traumatic event variables(frequency of traumatic experiencestime since trauma)Self-destructive behaviorPositive psychology factors
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 외상사건을 경험한 성인의 외상 후 스트레스 장애(Post-traumatic stress disorder; PTSD) 증상과 외상 후 성장(Posttraumatic Growth; PTG) 수준에 따른 잠재프로파일(Latent Profile)을 분류하고 시간의 변화에 따른 전이 양상과 전이에 대한 영향요인을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 DSM-5 진단기준에 해당되는 외상사건을 경험한 성인 410명을 대상으로 잠재전이분석(Latent Transition Analysis)을 실시하였다. 잠재프로파일 분류의 영향요인은 외상사건 변인(사건 횟수, 사건 기간), 자기파괴적 행동(자해 여부, 문제 음주), 긍정심리변인(자존감, 낙관성)을 포함하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 1시점은 3집단(‘저PTSD/저PTG 집단’, ‘고PTSD/중PTG 집단’, ‘저PTSD/고PTG 집단’)으로 분류되었다. 둘째, 2시점은 2집단(‘저PTSD/저PTG 집단’, ‘저PTSD/고PTG 집단’)으로 분류되었다. 셋째, 잠재프로파일 분류에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 긍정심리변인(자존감, 낙관성)이 결정요인인 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 전이에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 긍정심리변인(자존감, 낙관성)과 외상사건 변인(사건 횟수, 사건 기간)이 결정요인인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 외상사건을 경험한 성인의 PTSD 증상과 PTG 수준에 따른 잠재프로파일을 도출하고 종단적 변화 양상을 살펴보았다는 의의를 갖는다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to classify latent profiles according to PTSD symptoms and PTG and to investigate the transition of latent profiles and influencing factors over time. To this end, the Latent Transition Analysis(LTA) was conducted on 410 Korean adults who experienced DSM-5-defined traumatic events. Influencing factors in the classification of latent profiles included traumatic event variables(frequency of traumatic events, time since trauma), self-destructive behaviors(non-suicidal self-injury, problem drinking), positive psychological variables(self-esteem, optimism). The results of the study are as follows. First, at the data from Time 1, Three latent profiles were derived and named ‘(1) Low-PTSD/Low-PTG group’, ‘(2) High-PTSD/Mid-PTG group’, and ‘(3) Low-PTSD/ High-PTG group’. Second, the data from Time 2 was classified by two latent profiles and named ‘(1) Low-PTSD/Low-PTG group’, ‘(2) Low-PTSD/High-PTG group’. Third, variable affecting the classification of latent profiles, positive psychological variables(self-esteem, optimism) were found to be the determinants. Fourth, positive psychological variables(self-esteem, optimism) and Traumatic event variables(frequency of traumatic experiences, time since trauma) were found to be determinants as variables affecting transition. This study is meaningful in that it confirmed latent profiles according to PTSD symptoms and PTG levels of Korean adults who experienced trauma events and examined longitudinal change pattern.

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