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대학생의 아동기 정서학대와 정서방임의 경험과 우울 증상 간의 관계에서 정서조절능력의 차별적인 매개효과

The distinct mediating effect of emotion regulation in the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and emotional neglect and depressive symptoms among college students

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심리적 학대의 하위유형인 정서학대와 정서방임은 질적으로 다른 양육자와 아동의 해로운 상호작용방식으로, 이후 정서발달과 우울 증상에 다르게 영향을 미치는 것으로 제안되고 있다. 가해 행위로 이루어진 정서학대는 우울한 기분과 관련되어 있는 반면, 부재 행위로 이루어진 정서방임은 우울한 기분과 무쾌감성 우울 증상과 관련되어 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대학생의 아동기 정서학대와 정서방임의 경험과 우울 증상(우울한 기분, 무쾌감성 우울 증상) 간의 관계를 매개하는 정서조절능력의 차별적인 영향을 검증하였다. 323명의 대학생들에게 아동학대 유형, 아동기 외상경험, 우울한 기분, 무쾌감성 우울 증상, 정서인식명확성, 부정정서강도, 적응 및 부적응적 인지정서조절전략을 측정하였다. 구조방정식모형 검증 결과, 정서학대와 우울한 기분 간의 관계를 부정정서강도와 부적응적 인지정서조절전략이 연속 매개하는 동시에 부정정서강도와 부적응적 인지정서조절전략이 각각 단순 매개하였다. 반면, 정서방임과 무쾌감성 우울 증상 간의 관계를 낮은 정서인식명확성과 적응적 인지정서조절전략의 부족이 각각 단순 매개하였다. 정서방임과 우울한 기분 간의 관계를 낮은 정서인식명확성이 단순 매개하였다. 이는 아동기 정서학대와 정서방임이 다른 기제를 통해 대학생의 우울한 기분과 무쾌감성 우울 증상에 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

Emotional abuse and emotional neglect are subtypes of psychological maltreatment, which are qualitatively different ways of detrimental interactions between caregiver and child, suggesting that they have different effects on later emotional development and depressive symptoms. Emotional abuse consisting of acts of commission was associated with depressed mood, whereas emotional neglect consisting of acts of omission was associated with depressed mood and anhedonic depression. Therefore, this study investigated the distinct mediating effect of emotion regulation in the relationship between emotional abuse and emotional neglect and depressive symptoms(depressed mood and anhedonic depression). Three hundred and twenty-three college students completed the measures of childhood maltreatment, childhood trauma, anhedonic depression, depressed mood, negative affective intensity, emotional clarity, and adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The results of Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) showed that negative affective intensity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies sequentially mediated the relationship between emotional abuse and depressed mood. Also negative affective intensity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies simply mediated the relationship between emotional abuse and depressed mood, respectively. Whereas low level of emotional clarity and lack of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies simply mediated the relationship between emotional neglect and anhedonic depression, respectively. And low level of emotional clarity mediated the relationship between emotional neglect and depressed mood. These results suggest that the distinct emotion regulation might mediate the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and emotional neglect and depressed mood and anhedonic depression. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

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