유가미학에 있어서 미적 판단과 도덕적 판단의 상관성

Abstract

This paper is aimed at the understanding the Confucianism as Aesthetics. The moral is needed as appropriate value in Confucianism. However the demand on the appropriateness is apt to interrupt the freedom in daily lives. Therefore it is the reason that the Confucianism as the philosophy of moral is seen as anti-Aesthetics. The Aesthetics is not discussed without the self-interest, so the Aesthetics is seen as confrontational with the Ethics. Nevertheless in the confucian thought, 礼 [lǐ] and 乐 [lè] are well organized. It is the purpose in this paper to prove that the Confucian Moral theory is able to explained in the Aesthetical frame. First in this essay I did a survey the development of disciplinary identity that the Aesthetics was to be established as a Science in western modern period. The core in the Aesthetics is the emotion. The Aesthetics is similar to the logical philosophy in the point to have purpose to pursuit the truth. Second, I insist Confucianism is in line with aesthetics. Confucianism puts much emphasis on "emotions and feelings" than resorting to reason. Therefore, Confucianism is more concerned with the experience and the attitude of understanding and embracing the essence, rather than figuring out the essence of things. Such an attitude in Confucianism is tantamount to that of aesthetics largely understood as a study of sensibility. Confucianism shares the characteristics of pursuing goodness with aesthetics, as its ultimate goal is to realize the supreme good (至善). In aesthetics, such an axiological perspective helps aesthetic perception attain the universal value. The objectivity in emotional jugement can be obtained by morals. And the moral is concluded to the Plesure(快乐) as an emotional feeling. Generally moral values have a result altruism, otherwise aesthetic value is to be made a start in self-interest. It is the aesthetic value in Confucianism to make a depart from self-interest and conclude to altruism.