諸註釋을 통해 본 『論語』 經文의 解釋學的 理解[6]

Abstract

This paper is the sixth one of a research undertaken for the purpose of seeking the diversity and objectivity in several interpretations of the original text (經文) of “The Analects (論語)”. Thus in this research the author has already clarified that his ultimate purpose is rather opening a prospect of ‘diversity’ than seeking the ‘accuracy’ in interpreting “The Analects”. Since, as everyone knows, almost all interpretations of classical works in our country are consistent in truthfully following Zhu Xi’s “Collected Annotations (集注)”. The “Collected Annotations” has been considered official and had a complete authority, and in Joseon’s Confucian scholars, it was really the supreme principle on which every argument was based. However, with the passing of time, Chinese and Japanese researchers nowadays are trying their best to find the diversity in the interpretations of classical works (經典). It can be seen the activity in their interdisciplinary research on classical works which links many of relatively close disciplines such as phonology, history, and grammar etc. And they are now going in a creative, defiant and open research direction in interpreting classical works. In such an atmosphere of the foreign academic research, the author also wants to aim at seeking the diversity of interpretation of classical works, but above all, the author intends to release series of special research according to which it is necessary to correct the original text of “The Analects” based on methods such as exegesis (訓詁), principles of ideas (義理), and textual analyses (考證). Thus in this paper, the author tries to search (ⅰ) the characteristics of form and structure of the chapter “Yong Ye (雍也)”, and (ⅱ) the diversity in the interpretation of the original text of “Yong Ye” based on several ways of understanding. As the result, it can be seen that, similar to the chapter “Gong Ye Chang”, in 28 paragraphs of the chapter “Yong Ye”, there are 14 ones considering and evaluating other figures. However, in the chapter “Gong Ye Chang”, Confucius looked back to the past, widely read in many texts and examined historical circumstances to evaluate preceding generations’ figures, showing his objective judgement, while in the early 14 paragraphs of the chapter “Yong Ye”, he mentioned only the contemporary figures and his disciples; especially, all of “10 philosophers in 4 fields of Confucian school (孔門四科十哲)” mentioned in the chapter “Xian Jin (先進)” appear in this chapter. In addition, the evaluations of 4 figures named Gong Xi Hua, Yuan Xian, Dan Tai Mie Ming and Fan Chi that are not Confucius’s disciples in the early 14 paragraphs of the chapter “Yong Ye” show Confucius’s subjective opinions, different from the content of the chapter “Gong Ye Chang”, and this also can be considered a noticeable point. Furthermore, the main content of the latter 14 paragraphs of the chapter is filled with aphorisms and instructive advices inferred from Confucius’s everyday life, and the author also tries to explain the diversity in the interpretations of this point.