증공의 홍범학과 체용론

Abstract

This essay is my reflection on which had its origin in Zeng Gong’s Commentary of the Great Plan in the Book of Documents. Zeng has been a famous writer of the Northern Sung Dynasty, but it also have not been well known to his great contribution to the classical study and the Neo-Confucianism. There were many scholars who studied the Great Plan in the Northern Sung Dynasty, they began to explore who was the principal agent of the new power field, as well as they needed new logic of this subject for justification in the Chinese Classics. The theory of Ti with Yong had emerged as a good solution at the moment, Zeng adopted the theory when he annotated his Commentary of the Great Plan, it was a work of the classical study from the point of view of Neo-Confucianism. His meritorious achievement in the range of classical study were the criticism of skepticism on the Chinese Classics represented by Ou-yang Xiu and a synthesis of the many existing studies on the Great Plan. In the range of Neo-Confucianism, he thoroughly used the theory of Ti with Yong to select the existing studies and to reconstruct it for the aggregation. His Commentary is composed of 3 parts: General introduction, Particulars, and Conclusion, my essay focuses on General introduction. The General introduction consists of 5 parts and each main contents and themes are as follows: ① Qizi who talked to King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty, presented the concept of Chang-li as the universal order in bringing up the past and presenting educational paradigm. ② The omniscient speaker presents the concept of Chang-lun as the moral order in describing general laws, not an event of the past. ③ It was a criticism of Ou-yang Xiu’s skepticism and a defense against the significance of the Great Plan. ④ According to the theory of Neo-Confucian Ti with Yong, the structure of the Great Plan was clearly revealed as the epitome of Chinese political thought, and the Five-Elements was defined as the realizable substantial being. ⑤ Among the Nine-Principles of the Great Plan, eight of them were recalled except the Five-Elements, they were declared as the Nine Utilities, and then Zeng developed a theory of discipline based on the theory of Ti with Yong.