『논어』기반 인성교육 평가척도의 이론토대 연구

Abstract

This paper is purported to design the quantitive and qualitive criteria for evaluating human morality by analyzing concepts on human nature in the Lunyu and by developing a model for quantifying human moral factors. The Lunyu, which has been the most influential classic in East Asia, defines the ideal human morality as ren 仁 (benevolence). The Lunyu pursues a right understanding of human morality and a broader expansion of one’s love toward others and all the creatures on the planet. The model consists of three categories: core moral abilities (hexin liliang 核心力量), core moral virtues (hexin demu 核心德目), and inner maturity levels (renxing shuizhun 人性水準). As for the core moral abilities, the model for evaluating ren can be divided into four standards: xiushen 修身 (to cultivate one’s morality), qijia 齊家 (to regulate the family), zhiguo 治國 (to govern the state), and pingtianxia 平天下 (to pacify the world). As for the core moral virtues, the four main virtues (i.e., sincerity, care, justice, and responsibility) suggested by the state curriculum of morality education are linked to each of the four standards in this model. Lastly, as for the inner maturity levels, in order to evaluate moral maturity of each individual the following three levels will be suggested: understanding morality (zhi 知), practicing morality (ren 仁), and internalizing morality (yong 勇).