『孟子』 動心忍性 章의 이질감 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the terms 動心 and 忍性 described in Mencius can be consistently understood in the overall Mencius’s idea. To do this, this paper looked at the following three aspects. First, this paper reviewed past comments and trends in "動心忍性" chapter. The earliest comments in existence are of 趙岐's. His commentary is nothing more than a detailed description of the Mencius’s idea. Full-scale annotation work is started by 朱熹. However, under the great influence of 朱熹, since then the commentaries of China and Joseon Dynasty can not be beyond the scope of 朱熹's research. Thus, despite the heterogeneous description of 心 and 性, the commentary on "動心忍性" chapter showed a tendency to be handed down in the literature without much critical research. Second, in the term "動心忍性", this paper looked at whether 動心 and 忍性 are used consistently with other examples in the literature. 動心 has the opposite meaning to 不動心, one of the representative terms of Mencius. While the 動心 is supposed to be avoided in the 不動心 context, but the 動心 of 動心忍性 chapter is encouraged. So the attitudes of the two parts are inconsistent. Third, it is the issue of the subject of the training and the training process. Here 動心忍性, it is felt that some process is necessary for a specific purpose. Is it considered necessary to endure and overcome adversity in order to have specific abilities in Mencius’s thought? Also this paper examined the question of whether such a process is given only to a certain number of people designated by the 天. In the three aspects above, this paper examined whether this chapter is heterogeneous to Mencius’s ideas. If the presence of 聖人 is understood to be the result of the 天 being specific and addressing hardship and adversity, then in such an idea, ordinary people are merely a person who respects and praises 聖人, and it is difficult to say that they are like 聖人. In this context, this paper tried to reveal that this chapter is heterogeneous with Mencius’s thought.