항공사 객실승무원 간 교환관계가 정서노동에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Exchange Relationships among Flight Attendants on the Emotional Labor
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본 연구는 항공사 객실승무원의 구성원 간 교환간계가 고객에 대한 정서노동에 미치는 영향, 나아가정서노동이 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 국내 K항공사 객실승무원 346명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, SPSS 22.0, AMOS 24를 이용하여 가설을 검증하였다. 첫째, 항공사 객실승무원 간 교환관계가 구성원의 표면행동에 일정 부분 영향을 미치고 있었다. 반면, 팀장-팀원 간 관계는 구성원 표면행동에 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 항공객실승무원 간 교환관계가 고객에 대한 심화행동에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설은 증명되었다. 셋째, 정서노동이 성과에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가정도 전반적으로 채택되었다. 표면행동은 유의수준p<0.05에서 증명되었으나, 심화행동의 성과에 대한 영향력은 유의수준 p<0.1에서만 의미있는 것으로나났다. 넷째, 따라서 정서노동은 개인이 조직 내에서 맺고 있는 다양한 교환관계에 영향을 받고, 이러한 정서노동은 성과에 영향을 미치고 있다는 것을 논리적으로 추론할 수 있었다. 구성원 간 교환관계의 질이 높아지면, 구성원은 즐거운 생각과 마음으로 업무를 수행하고, 이것이 좋은 서비스(승객의 만족) 평가로 이어진다는것이다. 결국 구성원의 지지와 호의적인 유대관계는 우수한 업무로 나타날 가능성이 크다고 하겠다.
Abstract
This study explored the exchange relationships among the flight attendants who carry out emotional labor, in order to conduct empirical analysis if such relationships influence on the emotional labor toward customers and if emotional labor has the effect on performance. For this, survey has been carried out targeting the flight attendants, and empirical analysis has been conducted by multiple regression analysis. The results are as follows; First, the hypothesis that the relationship among team members would influence the surface acting toward customers was supported, but the one that the relationship among team leader-members had effect on the surface acting was not supported . Second, it proved that all the relationship among team members and the one among team leader-members had influence on the deep acting toward customers. Third, the study concluded that surface acting, one type of emotional labor, had an effect on the job performances(p<0.05), but deep acting, the other type of emotional labor, had an effect on the performances(p<0.10).
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