조선후기 제주도 지역 여성의 재산 소유와 상속 - 구좌읍 김해김씨 가계의 별급문기를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This research aims to reveal the details of a married woman(daughter-in-law)'s property ownership and inheritance rights, focusing on the inheritance documents of Jeju island in the late Joseon Dynasty, furthermore, to identify the relationship between the exercise of women's right to inheritance and Jeju Island's kinship culture, where rights of women's descent group are highly influential. For this, this research analyzed huge amount of ancient documents of Gujwa Kimhae Kim Family Kim Deokgyeong family. Until now, it has been understood that women will also have a high economic status because of the high social dependence on women's labor due to the farming environment, which mainly consists of fields and grain cultivation. However, few concrete cases have been revealed regarding women's economic behavior or status, and none of the studies have taken into account the relationship between women's economic status and Jeju's kinship culture. Thus, I first analyzed the five or so separate Byulgeub Mungi(別給文記) that showed women's economic behavior, and then used the documents of other families written at the same time to clarify the status of women's property ownership and its size, and closely tracked the process of women's right to inheritance. The focus is placed on the characteristics and meaning of the intergenerational inheritance of women over three to sixty years who inherit property from their husband's family members after a woman marries, and then inherit it back to the lower generation of married women. ‘Choalil Byulgeub', with the married women as the receivers, is one of Jeju's inheritance custom that spread widely until the 19th century. The daughters-in-law of Kim Deog-gyeong's household owned property as Choalil Byulgeub and exercised the property rights by inheriting it to their daughter-in-law, who had no direct blood relationship. In the process, women actively utilize marriage ties and show that generations are trying to strengthen economic ties between different women, which is believed to have been well supported by cultural aspects in Jeju Island, where the tradition of shamanism is strong. The efforts to strengthen women's ties through inheritance are deeply related to the strategic response of women to prevent the weakening of the female group's status as the principle of paternal succession has been strengthened. Emphasizing its advantages, the study sought to find the characteristics of Jeju's kinship culture in women's roles and responses, which do not insist on the cohesion of the paternal blood group. It is hoped that the study, which identified the strategic choices of women in property loss and paid attention to women's bond accordingly, will provide new imagination in discovering the correlation between marriage and inheritance and kinship culture.