부산대학교 캠퍼스에서 관측된 이산화탄소의 농도 분석

Abstract

This study aims to measure carbon dioxide (CO2) in Busan to enhance understanding of the urban atmospheric environment. Two sites with distinct environmental settings—Second College of Education Building (SEB; natural surroundings) and Mechanical Engineering Building (MEB; urban-adjacent)—were established at Pusan National University, and CO2 measurements were carried out from March 2024 to February 2025 to analyze diurnal and seasonal variations. The SEB site, positioned lower than MEB, was more directly affected by local emission, resulting in an average summer CO2 concentration of 458.2 ppm, being 12.6 ppm higher than MEB. It is noted that these differences reflect the combined effects of topography, instrument height, wind direction, and the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH). During summer, CO2 concentrations at the SEB were higher than at MEB, with both sites showing increased levels during the night. SEB maintained elevated concentrations continuously from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. the following day. Meteorological analysis revealed that humid air advected from the ocean in summer lowered PBLH and stabilized the near-surface atmosphere, creating favorable conditions for CO2 accumulation. Furthermore, southwesterly wind—which accounted for about 30% of summer wind in two sites— suggests that nocturnal CO2 emissions from vegetation respiration in nearby forests contribute to the observed summer CO2 concentration increases. Overall, this study presents a comparative, observation-based analysis of CO2 variability across two urban sites with contrasting environmental conditions, offering insights into the interplay between local emissions and meteorological factors. The results provide a basis for developing localized air quality management strategies.