성과측정모델에서의 가치이익사슬 구조분석-고객 및 재무관점을 중심으로-
Analysis of Value-Profit Chain within the Framework of Performance Measurement Models- From the Customers and Financial Perspectives-
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수익성과 고객만족은 최근 경영자들이 직면하고 있는 가장 중요한 문제 중 하나이다(Foster & Young, 1997). 그러나 고객만족과 수익성간의 관계를 실증적으로 다룬 연구는 관리회계 분야에서 그리 많지 않다. 고객만족이 기업의 중요한 전략목표 중의 하나이며, 고객만족 없이는 이익창출이 불가능하다고 인식되고 있지만 고객만족이 반드시 재무적 성과를 높일 수 있는지에 대해서는 아직도 상반된 연구결과를 보여주고 있다.기업이 고객에게 제공하는 제품 및 서비스의 속성과 기업의 이미지, 고객과의 관계는 고객만족에 직접적으로 영향을 미치고, 고객만족은 고객충성도에 영향을 미치게 된다. 고객충성도는 다양한 형태로 기업의 장단기 재무성과에 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구는 Heskett et al.(1994)의 서비스산업 이익사슬구조 모형과 Kaplan and Norton(1996)의 BSC 성과측정모형을 활용하여, 우리나라의 대표적인 회계관련 Solution Package를 제공하는 IT 기업인 D사의 NEOPLUS 제품을 사용하는 기업들을 대상으로 D사의 고객가치명제와 고객만족 고객충성도 및 사업단위 재무성과 간의 구조적 관계를 파악하고자 하였다.가치명제 변수와 고객관점 및 재무성과간의 관계에 대한 가설검증 결과, 제품/서비스의 가치속성과 고객-기업관계 변수는 고객만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 고객만족은 고객충성도와 재무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 고객충성도 또한 재무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 기대와는 달리 브랜드/기업이미지는 고객만족에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그 이유는 회계관련 소프트웨어를 제공하는 기존 경쟁업체들의 제품이나 서비스의 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다.
Abstract
Few management accounting researchers have studied the issues of profitability and customer satisfaction, even though they are the most important issues that face the management (Foster & Young, 1997). Customer satisfaction is one of the strategic objectives and corporate management recognizes that, without it, generation of revenues would be impossible. Studies show, however, mixed results about the links between customer satisfaction and good financial performance.Attributes of products and service provided by firms, corporate image, and customer relations have direct effects on customer satisfaction, which, in turn, has effects on customer royalty. Customer royalty, in various ways, influences the firms' short- and long-term financial performance. This study tries to provide some insights into the structural relationships between the proposition of customer value, customer satisfaction, customer royalty, and financial performance of business units. Data used in this study are collected from the companies using “Neoplus,” the popular accounting software package currently in the market. A performance measurement model within a BSC frame suggested by Kaplan and Norton(1996b) and a profit chain for service industry suggested by Heskett et al. (1994) are used to analyze data.Analysis of data shows that value attributes of product/service and customer -firm relations have positive relationships with customer satisfaction, and that customer satisfaction has positive relationships with customer royalty and financial performance. It also shows that customer royalty has positive effects on the financial performance. Corporate/brand image, contradictory to the expectation, does not have significant effects on customer satisfaction, which might be due to the inexistence of noticeable differences between accounting software packages provided by competing firms.
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