한국인 삶의 질의 사회적 결정요인
Quality of Life in Korea and Its Social Determinants
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초록
한국사회에서 삶의 질은 개인에게나 사회적으로나 매우 중요한 가치이자 목표가 되었다. 삶의 질은 서구사회에서 풍요의 역설의 결과로 중요성이 부각되었으나 최근 들어서는 불안정성의 극복과 대안적 가치의 추구가 중요시되면서 더욱 주목을 받고 있다. 삶의 질 측정은 객관적 지표를 종합하는 방식과 주관적 만족을 묻는 방식이 있다. 한국 사회의 삶의 질은 객관적 지표상으로도 경제수준에 비해 높지 못하지만 주관적 웰빙의 측면에서는 더욱 낮은 수준이다. 한국 사회의 삶의 질이 상대적으로 낮은 것은 사회적 지지의 취약함, 물질주의와 집단주의 가치의 만연, 사회적 비교에 따른 좌절감, 심화된 경쟁으로 인한 불안정성 등에 기인한다. 한국인의 삶의 질을 높이고자 하는 노력은 사회적 자본의 확충과 대안적 가치와의 공존 모색, 일과 삶의 균형 회복과 불안정성의 극복에서 출발해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Quality of life has recently become essential and important value and goal for Korean people and society. Initially the paradox of affluence in Western society has contributed to the emphasis on quality of life, but more recently it is uncertainty in contemporary life and pursuit of alternative life style that add weight to the concept. Quality of life in Korea measured as subjective wellbeing is comparatively lower than it in other societies with comparable economic standing. Low level of subjective wellbeing in Korea can be attributed to the lack or deficit of social support, prevalent materialism and collectivism, frustration from social comparison, intensified competition and socio-economic instability. Efforts to raise the level of quality of life in Korea start with expansion of social capital, recognition of alternative value and life-style, recovery of work-life balance, and reduction of uncertainty in life.
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