Development of carbon fiber and BN reinforced composites for enhanced mechanical performance in sporting goods

Abstract

The mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with varying compositions of carbon fiber, carbon powder, andboron nitride (BN) additives. The relationship between the weight percentage of carbon fiber, the size of carbon powder, andthe inclusion of BN was explored through measurements of Young’s Modulus, Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), and ImpactStrength. The results indicate a positive correlation between the carbon fiber content and both stiffness and tensile strength. Specifically, composites with higher carbon fiber content (6 wt%) exhibited significantly improved Young’s Modulus andUTS compared to those with lower fiber content (2 wt%). Carbon powder size also influenced mechanical properties, withfiner powders improving rigidity, while larger particles contributed to increased tensile strength under certain conditions. The addition of BN was found to significantly enhance impact strength, particularly at higher concentrations (6.5 wt%),attributed to its lubricating properties that improve energy absorption during impact. Sample 6, which incorporated 6 wt%carbon fiber, 150 μm carbon powder, and 3.9 wt% BN, achieved optimal mechanical performance with high UTS (26.08 MPa)and superior impact strength (85.47 J/m²). The complex interactions between these components highlight the importance ofcomposite design in optimizing material performance for specific applications. This study provides valuable insights into thedevelopment of advanced composites, particularly for applications requiring a balance of high tensile strength, stiffness, andimpact resistance.