Calcium phosphate porous bioceramics prepared by direct foaming

Abstract

Calcium Phosphate ceramics are widely recognized as promising candidates for bone substitute materials due to their excellentbiocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductive properties. This study investigates the fabrication of interconnected poroushydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics via the direct foaming method, focusing on the optimization of synthesis parameters and theevaluation of mechanical performance using the Hertzian indentation method. By systematically varying the solid content,the microstructural and mechanical properties of the resulting ceramics were tailored to achieve an optimal balance betweenporosity and strength. Comprehensive microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed theformation of highly interconnected porous networks. Mechanical testing validated the structural integrity of the foamed HAceramics, demonstrating their potential for load-bearing applications in bone tissue engineering. This study provides criticalinsights into the direct foaming process, highlighting its potential for scalable and reproducible fabrication of porous HAscaffolds.