인간 도연명을 바라보는 새로운 시선―화가 석도(石濤)의《도연명시의책(陶淵明詩意冊)》을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss special feature and significance about Tao Yuanming's shape implemented in <Tao Yuan-ming's Poetic ideas> by Shi-Tao who is a personalism painter of the 17th century, and in addition the significance of his philosophy of life and modern value of his poem. Shi-Tao reproduced Tao Yuanming's shape with unique painting idea which is the picture follows ‘the mind’ and affected by Yangmingism, and some special features and significance of following can be defined as. First of all, Shi-Tao paid attention to Tao Yuan-ming's nature away from the point of view of the existing which visualize seclusion while revering Tao Yuan-ming as noble hermit. Shi-Tao completed a ‘biography narrative written by picture’ by showing process to menifest nature and recover nature perfectly. Shi-Tao organically connected twelve poems and twelve pictures in the <Tao Yuan-ming's Poetic ideas>, and communicated Tao Yuan-ming's philosophy of life by reinforcing limitation of story which is not communicated organically by pictures only with episodes of poem. Secondly, Shi-Tao visually represented problems of Tao Yuan-ming's mind and heart. He letted the action of an individual's mind be central concept and then imagined emotion and mental for objects in the picture. Shi-Tao used Tao Yuan-ming's body as mechanism in order to visualize mind. He implemented problems and change of Tao Yuan-ming's mind through shape of Tao Yuan-ming's body, motion of the arm, and lost eyes, nose, mouth in the picuure. Thirdly, Shi-Tao embody Tao Yuan-ming as personage who is the individualized human and have independent eco. People after the age of Southern Song discussed Tao Yuan-ming and his poem in association with loyalty with confucian values, and Painting related to Tao Yuan-ming also succeeded confucian values. Political analysis was gradually emphasized about Tao Yuan-ming's poem by confucianism thought to devide ego and world and deny individual desire. But Shi-Tao reenacted a person who have the individualized human away from these existing enforced and extrinsic trend and imagined that real reason for Tao Yuan-ming to return home is desire for ego, nature, and freedom. In this process, Shi-Tao placed a notice that anyone can be ideal human like Tao Yuan-ming if keep aloof from the worldly desires through training and effort. Fourthly, described happiness which is amusement to meet true eco. Existing painting being made with Tao Yuan-ming as 'cho-eun' had way of curing displaced people by concerning loyalty and fidelity for previous dynasty. Shi-Tao guided to let displaced people escape from ego to fetishize past wounds instead of accommodating the traditional way. New interpretation about Tao Yuan-ming as displaced people is relevant in regard to let us reflect on ego healing and suffusion of existence by experiencing 'amusement to meet to true ego' in the mother nature instead of consuming life with pain and injury by our desire.